About bolts. In the photo there are two types of bolts: “short” and “long”.
“Short” ones are intended for fastening wheels on stamped-welded disks, and “long” ones are for fastening cast and forged disks. Bolts for “stampings” have a shorter threaded part and a smaller bolt head compared to long ones.
Wheel bolts are used by European car manufacturers. Nuts are used in the Japanese and Korean automotive industries. When choosing mounting elements, you should have an idea of their technical features.
Types of fasteners
Here are the types of fasteners needed for alloy wheels:
- Bolts are metal rods with a screw thread at the end. Used to connect detachable elements.
- Nuts are round-shaped parts designed to fasten elements by screwing a metal die onto threaded rods.
Steel, aluminum or titanium alloys are used to produce products.
Titanium bolts are distinguished by high quality indicators. Black bolts for alloy wheels are made from steel with the addition of molybdenum or steel with a chrome or nickel coating.
A few words about coverage
Nuts and bolts for alloy wheels can be coated with chrome, which has various shades, as well as zinc. It is worth immediately noting that the coating does not affect the corrosion resistance of nuts and bolts. Many motorists purchase coated fasteners, guided by the common belief that galvanized or chrome-plated elements are more resistant to corrosion.
When answering the question about what nuts to put on alloy wheels, it is necessary to mention that fasteners with coating, as well as without it, retain their original appearance for one year of use.
Characteristics of bolts and nuts
Bolts and nuts differ in design features, so the choice is determined by the type of disk. The stamped disc is made from a durable type of steel. Moreover, it has a small thickness at the point of attachment to the central part of the rotating part. For an optimal connection, the bolt and nut must have a flat surface. The composition of cast wheels includes relatively light alloys. They have reduced reliability characteristics. The fastening system of the products is made in the form of a cone.
Thread
When purchasing bolts, you should pay attention to the threaded part. Not all elements have the same thread pitch. More often there are hardware with a thread pitch of 1.25 and 1.5 mm with a diameter of 12 or 14 mm. It is recommended to purchase new wheel bolts complete with rims or take into account the requirements of the car manufacturer's instructions.
Thread length
To select a bolt of the required length, the easiest way is to try it on site. This technique does not work if the bolt is coated with a coating that is difficult to scratch. Then another option will do; you will need to count the number of revolutions when unscrewing the old bolt. Next, the length of the threaded pin is divided by the resulting figure. The result will be the required length of the fastener.
By size, fasteners are divided into:
- short - used for fixing stamped disk products;
- long - used for tire mounting of alloy wheels.
Pressing surface
In accordance with the classification by landing zone, fasteners are distinguished:
- with a spherical connecting part;
- with a cone-shaped clamping part. Models are produced with and without gaps in the pressure zone. The size of the headrests is 1.3 millimeters.
Many motorists wonder what would be most suitable - a cone or a sphere. In each individual case, in order to select bolts for alloy wheels, it is recommended to seek help from a professional. He will advise what will be better.
Selection principles
The selection of wheels is made taking into account the design features of the vehicle and operating conditions, assessing the impact of many factors.
The VAZ-2107 on 14 wheels looks more attractive than the standard version, but it must be taken into account that a new light-alloy version will lead to additional financial costs due to a change in tire size.
A car with 15 rims looks beautiful, but requires the use of low-profile tires, otherwise the tires will rub against the wheel arch protection. Operation in off-road conditions, maximum loading of the trunk with this option is fraught with negative consequences.
Wide wheels with a long offset increase stability, but tend to heavily pollute the car in bad weather conditions. The large curb weight of the car leads to friction between the tires and the fender liners.
The selection of accessories is carried out taking into account the correspondence of the parameters of the tires used to the standard sizes of the wheels. Dimensions of 13 inches exclude the use of wide-profile tires due to the small volume of the wheel arch.
Choosing non-standard wheels means replacing car tires. It is necessary to take into account the acceptable tire sizes for the VAZ-2107 recommended by experts:
- diameter 13-15 inches;
- width 165-185 mm;
- tire profile – 55-80%.
What is a bolt pattern
Bolt pattern - indicators indicating the correspondence of the sizes of bolts and disks. The information is useful for searching for disk products. Based on the data, identical holes are found on new disks. The number of recesses is between three and six pieces, but the diameter and distance indicators differ for each manufacturer.
How to measure yourself
Measurements must be as accurate as possible, since the indicators differ in close values with a distance of a couple of millimeters, for example, 98 and 100 or 110 and 112, and they are not interchangeable. To eliminate errors, it is recommended to use a caliper or ruler.
Adjacent holes
Here's how to determine the distance between bolt holes. The dimensions of the circle on which the holes are located are taken. The diameter is determined using compatibility tables or by measuring using a ruler. The resulting distance between adjacent fasteners should be multiplied by a factor that depends on the number of holes. The circumference of a VAZ is 9.8 cm, and that of passenger cars is 139.7 millimeters.
Far holes
A simple measurement method is carried out on models with an even number of recesses - for 4, 6, 8 fasteners. Parallel Hole Distance – PCD.
And here’s how the far holes of disks with five bolts are measured: the calculation is made between non-adjacent recesses, the resulting figure should be multiplied by 1.051.
Hub window diameter
Indicative data for the central hub window are indicated in the table and in the complete bolt pattern formula. In the absence of information, readings are measured with a ruler or caliper. The diameter of the hub area on the VAZ 2110 = 58.6 mm.
The bolt pattern is carried out taking into account the relative size of the vertical axis of symmetry of the disk to the area adjacent to the hub.
Full and abbreviated bolt pattern formula
Manufacturers provide detailed wording that reflects all important meanings. Motorists use abbreviations that do not fully describe the product.
Abbreviated
PCD (Pitch Circle Diameter) is a short formulation that includes two parameters. It is indicated: 4×98 – wheel bolt pattern on a VAZ-2110. The number of four indicates the number of bolt recesses. The number 98 was obtained as a result of the transverse method of measuring their circumference.
Full
Let's look at an example: the full bolt pattern formula is indicated on the rim: 7.5 J×15 H2 5×100 ET 40 D 54.1.
Decoding of alphanumeric groups means:
- 5 JX 15 – rim width 7.5 inches and diameter 15 inches;
- X – indicates that the disc is made by casting or forging;
- J – it is recommended to use the product on single-wheel drive vehicles;
- JJ – marking of all-wheel drive models;
- H2 – the number of protrusions that secure the tires. Models with one protrusion - H1. Absence of protrusions - marking AN;
- Hump - indicates high-quality rubber retention; this feature eliminates depressurization.
Consequences from another bolt pattern
Using inappropriate bolts is a safety hazard. When a bolt pattern occurs, an axial displacement of the entire wheel relative to the hub occurs. At high speeds, the wheel spins unevenly, the car will shake, which is accompanied by a beating in the steering wheel.
When installing wheels, car enthusiasts often encounter such a problem as a discrepancy in the diameter of the fasteners. In this case, eccentric bolts with a movable conical part are suitable, which will eliminate discrepancies in size.
Eccentrics
Standard fasteners have a hexagon shape, a threaded part and a conical clamping part. A unique characteristic of disc eccentric bolts is their floating cone with an offset center of gravity.
The degree of displacement can range up to 1 mm
The axial distance between holes may vary. The standards for this PCD indicator are varied and not always fully thought out. The result is vibration while driving. This makes it more likely that bearings, levers and rubber bands will fail faster. For such cases, the ideal solution would be to use eccentrics. Thanks to the movable cone, a gap is formed between the inner and outer diameters.
Tightening fasteners on alloy wheels
Before installing the bolts into the mounting recesses, it is recommended to treat the hardware with graphite lubricant. As a result, when it comes into contact with the disk, the head of the bolt or nut will rotate and make full contact. This will prevent blocking during starting power due to friction between the disc and the mounting system. Bolts are produced that compensate for minimal deviations in fastener dimensions. A loose connection will lead to cyclical failures in the fastening system; the bolts and nuts will begin to unscrew themselves.
Locking bolts for alloy wheels
Secret bolts for alloy wheels are another subtype. If you install locks, car tires will be protected from theft. You won't be able to remove the wheel with a regular wrench. To unwind the secrets, you will need a key that comes with them in one set.
When selecting fasteners for wheels, you should remember that cast products are relatively thick. Accordingly, longer bolts are selected for them than for stamped discs.
Many, especially novice, car enthusiasts, when certain situations arise, are interested in questions - where to buy bolts for wheels or where to buy bolts for wheels? However, despite all the apparent simplicity, the answers to these questions are not so clear.
The fact is that the modern automotive industry is very diverse. Accordingly, there are a large number of manufacturers and brands of cars. And almost every manufacturer produces wheel bolts that are suitable specifically for the vehicles they produce.
Therefore, before purchasing, you definitely need to read the information from the car’s registration certificate, which indicates which wheel bolts are used in your car. Well, you need to buy bolts for disks in accordance with this information.
The second important question is where to buy wheel bolts? The answer to this question is much easier. The Sekretki-spacers.rf store offers its customers wheel bolts, nuts, locks and other products. We draw your attention to the fact that the catalog contains only premium products. This means that when purchasing a product from us, you are purchasing excellent quality spare parts that are guaranteed to serve you for many years. You will find detailed information in the product catalogue.
Hello dear Drivers, it’s time to change the car’s shoes from casting to stamps. And the first thing every car owner thinks about is whether the bolts will fit. Everything is very simple. For casting we have long bolts from 28, 30, 33 mm.
But on stamped wheels these bolts will be larger and will touch the brake system elements in the drums of the rear wheels. So what kind of bolts exist? and how to choose them?
The first thing you can start with is which bolts are suitable for VAZ cars. Depending on the type of wheel, two types of bolts are used in VAZ 2110,2114,2115,1118,2170,2190 cars, short and long, where: 1) Wheel bolt for stamped wheels 21080-3101040-10 M12×1.25×23 wrench 17mm.
2) Wheel bolt for casting 21120-3101040-10 M12×1.25×27 wrench 19mm.
How to choose bolts that are suitable for disks?
And so the standard bolts that come from the factory with stamped disks have dimensions: 12 * 1.25, total bolt length 44 mm, threaded part length 24 mm. And the bolts for alloy wheels have a size of 12*1.25, the total length of the bolt is 51 mm, the length of the threaded part is 28 mm.
Thickness of the stamped disk at the attachment point. L=4 mm, Thickness of the cast disc at the mounting location. L=7 mm.
Conclusion: It is impossible to make a mistake in choosing the bolts for mounting the wheels, you just need to know the thickness at the place where the disk is attached and, taking into account the measurements, choose either a short or long bot. Good luck to everyone on the roads!
Wheel studs
So, wheel studs, and we’ll start with them, have 3 fundamental parameters:
- diameter and thread pitch,
- length,
- diameter of the driving part.
The last parameter is the most important, because it is with this part that the stud is pressed into the hub. It is necessary to select the driving part of the stud with an accuracy of hundredths. A discrepancy of 0.05 mm can lead to the fact that the stud will hold loosely in the hub and will turn during the next installation. Or, if the driving part is larger, it will not fit into the driving hole of the hub.
There is no point in talking about self-selection - the size of the stud depends solely on the make and model of the car. It is not uncommon for the studs on the rear and front axles to be different, either in the drive part or in length, even in the same car. Therefore, advice from our store is to order wheel studs in the original design or high-quality analogues in specialized stores, where they will help you with the selection. The second option is economically more profitable, but will be fully justified only if there is no doubt about the competence of the seller and the quality of the goods he sells.
Characteristic differences
Wheel bolts for stamped wheels differ in length and material. Usually good steel is used, which has several types of coating:
It must be said that any type of coating is only a top protective layer. Therefore, it cannot provide reliable protection against corrosion.
To give the stamped disc a more aesthetic appearance, chrome-plated bolts are ideal. If you properly care for your car and operate it normally, the bolts will never rust.
What bolts are needed for stamped wheels?
If we are talking about VAZ wheels, then they are secured to the hub with fasteners, the length of which allows you to make 7-9 turns when screwing in. The most suitable length is considered to be sufficient to screw into the entire thickness of the hub on one side, with a small protrusion of 2-3 mm on the other.
To determine the exact length, you can use verification methods:
- Unscrew the used bolt from the wheel and count how many threads there are on it. Then divide the resulting number by the available bolt length. As a result, a result will be obtained showing the working length of the part.
- Buy the desired element in the store and screw it into a stamping disc. If the parameters match the rim, you can be sure that it will easily screw into the hub.
When purchasing a bolt, you should consider the following basic parameters:
It is necessary to select fasteners so that they do not unscrew spontaneously. If you make a mistake with the diameter, it may happen that only one or two fasteners are tightened, the rest will be loose.
As a result, the wheel will not take the desired position, the tires will begin to wear out quickly, the car will be unstable and may lose control.
The industry also produces bolts for stamped disks, called “secrets”. It must be said that this design is not very effective in terms of fastening, but it performs its protective function successfully. To screw it in and out you need to have a special “secret key”.
Number of revolutions
In addition to the size of the fasteners and the materials from which they are made, it is important to pay attention to the speed - or rather, to the maximum number of them, which will allow you to securely fix the cast base. In most cases, 7-9 full turns is enough.
In order to find out which fasteners will allow you to make the required number of full revolutions, you need to determine the optimal bolt length for a specific wheel rim model. This process is carried out as follows: take an old bolt, count the number of its full revolutions, then divide the resulting value by its length. Thanks to these actions, you can find out the length of the turn.
What nuts are needed for stamped wheels?
Today, on some domestic cars, as well as foreign cars made in the USA and Japan, disks are secured with several types of nuts:
- Open,
- Closed,
- With or without collar.
Closed wheel nuts protect the hub from dirt. They are made, similar to bolts, from different materials.
The most commonly used are stainless steel or titanium. When choosing a wheel nut, you need to take into account the most important parameter - thread matching.
Nuts are also made of aluminum. They are designed for mounting wheels on sports cars.
The parts are distinguished by their low weight and increased softness of the metal. Such nuts must be constantly monitored and tightened.
Open type cone nuts are also used to fasten stampings. For wheel tuning, titanium nuts are installed. Their main difference is considered to be high strength and low weight.
However, titanium is a noble and not cheap metal, so not everyone can afford them - their cost is an order of magnitude higher than similar fasteners.
Freelance options
VAZ-2107 cars are equipped with stamping, which has certain advantages and disadvantages. Stamped discs serve for a long time and reliably, bend and do not burst upon impact, and can be easily repaired even at home. Such models are easy to use, affordable, and do not attract the attention of intruders. However, the relatively large weight increases fuel consumption, makes acceleration and braking difficult, and creates inconvenience during installation and dismantling.
Innovative light alloy models are divided into 3 categories based on their manufacturing method:
Cast ones are made from alloys based on aluminum or magnesium, which allows them to reduce their weight by a third compared to standard versions. The fragility and inelasticity of the material upon impact leads to chips or even bursting of the wheel.
Forged products are distinguished by increased strength and lower density due to hot stamping technology. Deformation requires a lot of force, but the inflexibility of the material forces the suspension to take on the full force of impacts when driving on a bad road.
Prefabricated ones consist of 2-3 segments fastened with bolts. You need to pay special attention to the fastening material. Steel bolts rust quickly, titanium bolts do not corrode. Components can be manufactured using different methods and from different materials. This technological solution makes it possible to reduce weight, increase the interchangeability of parts and the maintainability of products.
