Metal drills are indispensable tools that are used in production and at home to drill holes in objects with increased strength. When choosing this type of tool, first of all, it is necessary to focus on its declared performance characteristics, material of manufacture, sharpening angles and coating. Experts first of all recommend paying attention to the sharpening angles of cutting steel. The best metal drills, the ratings of which are presented below, have proven themselves to be the best and have received the largest number of positive reviews from consumers.
Irwin TurboMax 10503992
Irwin TurboMax 10503992 opens the ranking of the best metal drills. The tool is designed for work such as drilling holes in metal objects, plastic, and wood. The drills are also suitable for drilling holes in stainless steel with the obligatory use of coolant. The tip of the tools included in the kit is distinguished by a special sharpening, which ensures high drilling speed. The set includes 15 drills of different diameters and are highly durable. The cost of the kit is approximately 3,000 rubles.
9.Hawera HSS-C SpiralBohrer GQ-32692
Hawera HSS – C SpiralBohrer GQ -32692 is included in the list of the best metal drills. The set contains 25 twist drills with diameters from d 1.0 mm – 13.0 mm x with diameter increments of 0.5 mm. The surface of the working tools is coated with titanium nitride, which gives them special hardness and heat resistance. The tools are made of high-quality high-speed steel and are fully ground. These drills boast a long service life and impeccable operation throughout the entire period of operation. GQ-32692 is excellent for steel, alloy and non-alloy castings, brass, bronze, cast iron and cast iron. You can buy such a kit for 6,000 rubles.
DeWALT DT7926 Extreme2 HSS
DeWALT DT7926 Extreme2 HSS is one of the best metal drill bits that can be used both in production and at home when working with drills. They provide the cleanest and most accurate drilling possible, and are also characterized by high operating speed. The nanotechnology design of the tool prevents damage to the edges of the hole. The tip of the device has three flat edges that provide secure mounting in the chuck. The kit includes 29 drills with a diameter from 1 to 13 mm. The cost of a complete set is 5,000 rubles.
Types of metal drills and their purpose
All metal drills, at first glance, seem the same. But in reality, there are many differences that divide this cutting tool into different categories in several ways. If you choose the wrong drill, you can quickly break it, fail to complete the job, or damage the workpiece. Let's begin to understand all the differences between the instrument.
Variety of drills by design
The first thing that distinguishes all metal drills is their design. It depends on what kind of work can be done with such equipment and what kind of power tool they are suitable for. There are four types here.
Twist drills
This type of drill comes in lengths from 40 to 400 mm and diameters from 1 to 50 mm. The main difference of the design is the equal diameter along the entire length, on which there is a helical cutting edge and a twisted groove trailing behind it for removing chips. On the working part, the cutting elements are paired and located opposite each other.
Twist drill for metal.
Application. Using such equipment, you can either drill a through hole through a large thickness of metal (depending only on the length of the drill), or make a blind recess for a countersunk hole. To make a hole for a specific diameter, choose a drill 1 mm smaller than the required value - after drilling, the tool slightly breaks the sides of the material, creating a size 1 mm larger than indicated on its body.
Step drills
Step drills have a conical design. Their cutting edge widens towards the base, but it is not continuous, but intermittent. The transition to each step is equipped with a smooth rise and a sharp edge to start drilling from any of them. The diameter is indicated on the step. Each drill can have from 5 to 10 steps.
Step drill for metal.
Application. This form allows you to drill holes of different diameters in a sheet of metal with the same tool, which saves time on replacing equipment. They can also drill an existing hole to a larger diameter, starting work immediately from the third or fifth stage. But due to the cone and the small height of each step, the maximum thickness of the drilled material is limited to 2-3 mm.
Core drills
This design received its name because of its close resemblance to a crown. The drill is hollow inside and has numerous teeth on the end. A line of twisted cutting edges continues along them, which can be from 4 to 16, depending on the diameter of the tool.
Core drill for metal.
Application. This equipment allows you to immediately make a large diameter hole in metal up to 50 mm. To help you drill first and stay on track, extra large core drills have a place to attach a twist drill bit or a sharpened pin to ensure alignment.
Countersink
It has a cone-shaped design, but without steps. Equipped with several cutting edges and grooves behind them to remove chips. But the cutting part is not high, so you can use a countersink to make shallow holes up to 3-5 mm.
Countersink for metal.
Application. Due to the cone, it is convenient for them to drill for Patai or create holes of different diameters in sheet metal, within their parameters. A countersink is also suitable for increasing the existing diameter of the passage, both round and oval.
Shank type drills
To secure a drill in a power tool, it is important that the tail part of the equipment matches the entrance opening in the chuck. If the parameters differ, the fastening will not be strong, which can lead to breakage of the drill, displacement of the center or damage to the workpiece. Therefore, it is important to select the correct shank type to match the chuck. There are three types here.
Cylindrical shank
It has a smooth cylindrical shape, slightly smaller in diameter than the cutting edge, so as not to complicate rotation when immersed in the material. For fixation, a chuck with three clamping blades is used, providing a strong grip. This type is used in electric drills with keyless and conventional chucks and small drilling machines.
Drill with cylindrical shank.
Hex shank
As the name suggests, it is equipped with a hexagonal base, which gradually turns into a cylinder with cutting edges. This type of equipment is useful in that it does not require additional fixation by twisting the cartridge - installation in a receiving sleeve with mating edges allows the equipment to be firmly positioned without additional actions.
Drill bit with hex shank.
The drill can be changed quickly, which is especially useful where it is often necessary to make holes of different diameters. But with reciprocating movements and the equipment biting into the material, it can fall out of the chuck, since it is designed only to move forward and keep it from rotating along the axis. They will not be able to drill through very thick metal. In terms of compatibility, the type of shank is suitable for all screwdrivers.
Tapered shank
The conical type shank decreases towards the end of the tool. To secure it in the chuck, simply insert the accessory quickly by hand. If the drill is not very tightly seated, then subsequent work and load will push it until it is firmly seated. But getting it back is more difficult. To do this, a wedge is used, which is driven into a special slot in the cartridge.
The wedge acts on the end of the equipment, knocking it out of its seat. To prevent the drill from being damaged by falling, in this case, place a wooden plank. This type of shank is designed for some drills, but is primarily used for drill presses. If the diameter of the cartridge is too large, then an intermediate cone is used between them.
Tapered drill shank.
Drills by manufacturing method
The method of manufacturing drills, on which their strength depends, is also important. This also affects the service life of the equipment, as well as what types of steel it can process. There are three ways here.
One-piece
They are made by casting, where all the features of the form are integral. This method produces spiral and conical drills, crowns and countersinks. Belongs to the most common type. High-speed steel is most often used to create tools.
Welded
This method is used for the manufacture of drills designed for making large diameter holes (from 20 mm and above). Since the shank is not involved in the drilling process and carries less load than the cutting edge, it is made of ordinary carbon steel and welded to the working structure. This reduces the cost of the production process and does not affect the service life of the equipment.
With carbide tip
Here, the main part of the drill is made of high-speed steel, and the tip is made of BK8 alloy. The carbide insert better withstands elevated temperatures when drilling with particularly strong metals and ensures a long service life of the equipment. The tip is sharpened on one side using a special technology. After it wears out from repeated sharpening, in some drills it is possible to replace it with a new one, preserving the body of the tool.
Drills with carbide tips.
Having considered the main differences between drills, it will be a little easier to choose equipment for work on the manufacture of metal doors, gates, brackets for air conditioners, spot welding or other tasks. It can be noted that the most common are spiral structures, so further discussion will mainly focus on them.
Bison MET-SH H19 R6M5
Bison MET-SH H19 R6M5 is a drill from a domestic manufacturer, included in the list of the best. Used for drilling both alloy and carbon steel. The tools are made of high-speed steel R6M5, have a cylindrical shank and are characterized by high accuracy and drilling speed. They are self-centering due to the cross-shaped point. The set contains 19 pieces of devices with a diameter from 1 to 10 mm. You can purchase MET-SH H19 in an eraser box for 1000 rubles.
Drill design
It is easier to understand the types of drills if you know the design of the standard product. It consists of the following elements:
- paws;
- shank;
- necks;
- cutting part.
The largest area is occupied by the cutting part. In standard products it has a spiral shape with two edges. There is also a groove through which chips are removed.
Reference! In high-quality equipment, all elements are made with high precision milling and grinding.
Drills, their types and types, an overview of a small part of our collection
AEG HSS-G 4932430416
AEG HSS-G 4932430416 are one of the best metal drills in an affordable price category. The devices are completely ground and made of high-strength and heat-resistant steel. The cutting head of the tool has a cross-shaped sharpening with an angle of 135 degrees, which ensures good alignment without the need for a core. 4932430416 are able to withstand high temperatures resulting from heating during drilling. Suitable for working with high-alloy steel and metal with a strength of more than 1000 N/mm². The set contains 19 pieces with a diameter from 2 to 10 mm. You can buy a set for 1500 rubles.
5. Metabo Bestell-Nr. 27,094 HSS-G
Metabo Bestell-Nr. 27 094 HSS – G – one of the best drills designed for metal work. Spiral type devices have a cylindrical shank with a 135 degree sharpening of the tip, which ensures fast and accurate drilling. In total, the set contains 25 pieces, the diameter of working tools varies from 1 to 13 mm. The cost of the set is approximately 1,700 rubles.
Drill extension
Extension products are an elongated rod that allows you to make deep holes in different materials. When choosing an extension, it is important to consider that its diameter should be less than the parameters of the drill.
Extension for Lewis drills STAYER 2952-10
Extension for Lewis drill . The product is suitable for spiral equipment. Externally, the design is similar to a thin cylinder. One end is shaped like a hexagon. The extension cord is used primarily for working on thick wood. The kit sometimes includes a special key. The material for the manufacture of this type of extension is carbon steel.
Extension for Forstner drill . The cylindrical shape of the rod is complemented by a hexagonal shank (length 10-12 mm). The other end of the product has a seal that ensures a strong connection with the equipment. The total length of the structure is 140 mm.
Models for feather drills . The design shape is the same as other extension cords. Features a round tip. The total length of the product is 140-150 mm. Use is not limited to making deep holes. Often the equipment is used for drilling in hard-to-reach places on the surface.
There are also flexible extensions for equipment. They are made of black plastic, which has a soft structure. The ends of the plastic product are equipped with metal tips, including a hex shank.
Anchor 25219
Enkor 25219 is included in the rating of the best metal drills. The set includes tools of various diameters (from 1 to 10 mm). There are 19 working items in total. The tip of the devices is made of high-strength hard alloy, which ensures high speed and long service life. Enkor 25219 belongs to the category of budget drills intended for metal. It is quite possible to purchase a set of 19 pieces from a Russian manufacturer for 1000 rubles.
What types of drills are there?
For the manufacture of drills, hard materials that do not collapse under mechanical influence are used, most often these are high-speed alloy alloys. Depending on the type and thickness of the material, the diameter of the hole and the technological requirements for the processing method, metal drills can be:
- spiral;
- conical;
- ring;
- centering;
- feathers.
Each type of tool has its own advantages and disadvantages, which significantly affect the ability to perform certain jobs; read in detail about all these types here.
3. Wurth Zebra Spiralbohrersatz HSS
Wurth Zebra Spiralbohrersatz HSS are one of the best drill bits designed for metal work. Made from high-speed steel HSS. The devices provide maximum accuracy and drilling speed, and are also characterized by increased strength. Ideal for drilling holes in structural steel with a strength of up to 1000 N/mm², cast iron and plastic. Suitable for use in vertical drilling machines and electric drills. It is recommended to use a special coolant during operation. The kit includes 13 drills with different diameters, which are supplied in a plastic case. The cost of such a kit is approximately 700 rubles.
Key indicators for selection
When choosing a tool for drilling metals, you must consider:
- the composition of the alloy from which they were made;
- method of additional processing and the presence of surface coating;
- manufacturer's trademark;
- diameter and design shape;
- design and sharpening angles of cutting edges.
Important! The cutting part of traditional twist drills has a front and rear angle of inclination of the plane of the cutting part. The geometric parameters of the rear sharpening angle determine the magnitude of the friction force during operation and the wear rate of the tool. Increasing this indicator allows you to process stronger metals, but leads to reduced heat dissipation and faster wear.
What can color say?
An important external parameter when choosing a drill can be the color of the surface, which indicates the composition of the alloy, the processing method and the surface reinforcing coating.
High-quality tools are made from high-speed alloys with the addition of titanium, molybdenum or tungsten. The international designation for such metals is HSS (High Speed Steel). However, even if the drill marking contains a similar inscription, but its surface is gray steel in color, you should not buy such a product. It has not been subjected to additional types of processing and does not have sufficient strength and wear resistance. The price in this case will be low, but it will also last a short time, with the need for frequent sharpening.
Drills can be:
- Black , after heat treatment with superheated steam and additional hardening. The cost of a black drill is slightly higher than that of untreated products, but it is quite affordable for use for domestic purposes. But increased strength significantly increases service life.
- After heating the finished drills in a furnace and gradually tempering the metal to relieve internal stresses, the surface acquires a light yellow tint . As a result, the wear resistance of the drill increases significantly, and its sharpening is required much less frequently.
- The bright golden color indicates the use of an alloy with the addition of titanium, which is characterized by maximum strength. These are the most expensive drills, but their use is fully justified by their long service life.
- Gray color indicates low quality of the instrument. Used for one-time work, after which it is thrown away. Accordingly, this drill is the cheapest on the market.
Attack N802-6
Attack N802-6 are not only one of the best, but also the most affordable metal drills. The tools included in the kit have excellent strength and provide good speed. There are 8 pieces in total in the set. The diameter of the drills varies from 3 to 10 mm. The hardness is 65.8 HRC. H802-6 not only provide high performance, but can last quite a long time. You can purchase a reliable tool kit from a Russian manufacturer for only 600 rubles.
Bosch 2607017154
Bosch 2607017154 completes the list of the best metal drills. This set is designed for making both through and blind holes in sheets of alloyed and non-alloyed steel with an allowable tensile strength of 900 N/sq.mm., copper, bronze, plexiglass, etc. Bosch 2607017154 are made of high-strength, high-quality and high-speed steel coated with titanium nitride. Not suitable for drilling aluminum. When working with the product, it is recommended to use coolant to increase service life. The kit is sold in a special plastic, shock-resistant box. In total, the set includes 25 pieces, the diameter of the products varies from 1 to 13 mm. You can purchase a set for about 3,000 rubles.
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