The Ural chainsaw, designed for felling trees and sawing wood on personal plots, was developed and produced in Perm. After 2013, the production of equipment was transferred to a machine-building plant in Biysk. The company assembles tools and supplies spare parts for products of earlier modifications.
Technical parameters of the Ural chainsaw
Specific numbers can tell you in more detail and clearly about the advantages and capabilities of the Ural chainsaw. They give unbiased, dry information and make no attempt to embellish the reality. Let's look at the technical characteristics of the Ural chainsaw:
Technical characteristics of Ural chainsaws
- Engine power - 5 l. With.
- Weight excluding fuel and starter - 11.6 kg.
- Engine design : gasoline, two-stroke, single-cylinder.
- Fuel tank capacity is 1.6 liters.
- Oil tank volume - 0.24 l.
- Noise level - 105 dB (no more).
- The cutting direction when felling is from right to left.
- Dimensions (L/W/H) - 88/45.5/46 (50) cm.
- Temperature range - from -40° to +40°С.
- Air type cooling.
- The length of the working tire is 45.5 cm.
- The saw chain has 72 teeth with a pitch of 0.325 inches.
Attention! Currently, there are several models of Ural chainsaws that have their own characteristics, which may differ slightly from the indicated values. To clarify the parameters, it is recommended to carefully study the device passport.
Owner reviews
Roman, Krasnodar:
“I used an Electron 2T chainsaw while I had the opportunity, then I made a small modification and made myself a snow blower. This homemade product was very useful to me in everyday life. I had to tinker, and I needed to set up a lot of things and buy additional parts, but I managed. Now I use a snow blower with a 2T engine, it helps a lot in winter. Instead of the Urals, I bought another model of chainsaw, a German one. I was satisfied with the quality of the domestic chainsaw, but it was time to change something. I don't regret the new purchase. The Urals also have their pros and cons.
Among the disadvantages, I can highlight the heavy weight, the saw is more for professionals than for beginners, as well as high fuel consumption.
Advantages: power, functionality, technical parameters.”
Chainsaw motor
The engine makes up the main part of the Ural chainsaw, almost completely forming it as a tool. Most of the technical characteristics relate to the operation of the motor. The single-cylinder two-stroke engine has a cylinder with a volume of 94 (109) cm3, with a diameter of 5.5 cm, providing a fuel consumption of 632 g for each kW/h of power. The crankshaft rotation speed is 6200 rpm (±200). The motor has stable performance characteristics, highly appreciated by experts.
Comparison with Friendship
Ural and Druzhba are very similar and were produced at the same enterprise, but they still have differences:
- The Ural is more powerful, 5.5 horses versus 4 for Druzhba;
- The Friendship chainsaw is 1.2 kg heavier;
- The Ural drive allows you to rotate the saw bar 90 degrees for easier work when felling trees;
- The Ural handles are placed on top, this allows you to work for a long time in heavy snow and creates less stress on the feller’s back;
- The Urals have a chain lubrication system when sawing, which significantly extends the service life of the saw;
- The hydraulic wedge is included in the standard kit of the Ural Electron 2 saw; it allows you to fell trees in a given direction.
How to break in a chainsaw?
Full operation of the Ural chainsaw engine, corresponding to the declared characteristics, is possible only after a special procedure called running-in. To complete it, you will need a certain amount of fuel, consisting of a mixture of gasoline and oil in a ratio of 15:1.
Chainsaw Ural - device
The break-in process consists of starting the engine, which should run for 10 minutes, after which it is turned off. Then starting, running for 10 minutes and stopping the engine are repeated, and this happens until all the fuel is used up. To complete the procedure, it is necessary to use 4 full tanks of lean fuel, and further work should be done with richer fuel, having a gasoline to oil ratio of 20:1.
After running-in, it is necessary to operate the Ural chainsaw for 25 hours at low loads.
Running in the saw is necessary to adjust all the parts of the mechanism, set the optimal qualities and performance characteristics of the Ural chainsaw. If you ignore this procedure, the device’s engine will constantly stall and will not be able to operate normally.
Operating instructions
According to the operating instructions for the chainsaw, the device must be unpreserved and assembled before carrying out work.
The gasoline-powered saw is assembled in the following sequence:
- Unscrew the screw and disconnect the elements of the frame structure clamp.
- The engine is installed in a vertical position on the side of the crankcase cover, the gearbox is mounted on it with a connecting flange, and the mechanisms are secured with a clamp.
- The screws are installed in the grooves until they are fixed.
- The handle is connected to the carburetor throttle control cable so that the gap between the elements is 15-16 mm.
- Adjust the tightening of external fasteners.
How to break in a chainsaw
The chainsaw is run in first at idle, then during operation.
The operation is carried out at idle speed until 4 fills of the gas tank are fully used.
The fuel mixture is prepared in the following ratio: 1 liter of universal motor oil to 15 liters of gasoline.
Used oil is not used, otherwise the connecting rod needle bearings will fail. You should also not use leaded gasoline or fuel contaminated with mechanical impurities or water. Subsequently, the liquids are mixed according to a 20:1 ratio.
Run-in during operation is carried out during the first 25 hours, the engine is not overloaded.
Chain for chainsaw Ural-2T
For the Ural-2 Electron gasoline-powered saw, a MI-10.26 U-16 Strong chain is used.
During operation, it stretches, so the tension must be periodically adjusted using the tensioner screw. The saw chain can be easily removed and switched on and off automatically using a centrifugal friction clutch.
Sharpening is carried out with a round cylindrical file with a diameter of 5-6 mm, followed by immersion in oil for 5-10 minutes.
Carburetor settings
Ural chainsaw carburetor
Carburetor adjustment is necessary to transfer the engine operation from the enriched fuel mixture used during break-in to the normal working one. When purchasing, the carburetor of the Ural chainsaw is configured for a rich mixture, so subsequent adjustment is not necessary. To do this, you need to adjust the fuel supply using the carburetor adjusting screws. There are three of them, they regulate operation at idle, low and high speeds. They control the throttle valve, which regulates the volume of air and fuel mixture.
The result of adjusting the carburetor is a change in power, rotation speed and fuel mixture consumption. Therefore, for correct settings, you must be guided by the values indicated in the device characteristics. The rotation speed is checked with a tachometer, and the fuel supply is checked visually. If the fuel composition is too lean, the saw begins to make a squealing sound, and if it is too rich, black smoke appears.
Basic malfunctions and ways to eliminate them
The main malfunctions of the 2T model saw or modern analogues are related to the operation of the power unit or circuit. Difficulty starting the engine occurs when there is no fuel in the tank or carburetor chamber. The service instructions recommend checking the fuel level in the tank and pumping liquid into the chamber. A problem with engine operation occurs when the flexible fuel line is clogged or an excessively rich mixture floods the spark plug.
Ignition system failures occur when fuel or oil gets on the electrodes or the gap is broken. The repair consists of cleaning the spark plug and adjusting the gap; the worn part is replaced with a product recommended by the manufacturer. Sparking failures occur when the additional resistance or metal conductors of the power cable are damaged. Damaged insulation of the ignition wires or malfunction of magneto structural elements also has a negative impact on the operation of the spark plug.
If the engine starts and stalls, check that there is no water in the fuel tank. Additionally, the gaskets installed at the junction line of the engine body parts, cylinder and carburetor are inspected. The check is carried out by applying a soap solution; if bubbles appear when turning the crankshaft, then you will need to replace the gaskets and grind the metal mating surfaces. Engine malfunctions occur when the carburetor is clogged or incorrectly configured.
Engine overheating is possible when excessive load is applied to a new or overhauled power unit. Before using the Ural saw, it is necessary to grind the unit parts in a gentle mode; the running-in time is 5-6 hours (indicated in the technical documentation). Overheating of a run-in engine indicates a lean mixture or clogging of the ventilation ducts with a mixture of sawdust and oil. To restore functionality, you will need to adjust the carburetor and clean the chainsaw body from foreign objects and debris.
Overheating of the gearbox housing indicates slipping of the clutch mechanism; it is necessary to adjust the tightening of the springs. Dull chain teeth increase the load on the gear train and engine. To increase work productivity, it is necessary to sharpen the tool and check the condition and geometry of the tire. Bent or broken elements must be replaced. Increased noise and increased gas formation indicate a breakdown of the muffler and incorrect carburetor adjustment (excessively rich mixture).
Adjusting the power unit for maximum power
You can achieve the greatest power from the Ural chainsaw motor by setting the optimal amount of fuel mixture supplied to the cylinders. The adjusting screw acting on the throttle control lever is adjusted to the mode that allows you to obtain maximum power.
When the screw is screwed in, the mixture becomes leaner, and when unscrewed, it becomes richer. To monitor the result, test cutting is carried out and the quality of the adjustment is assessed. If the obtained characteristics are not satisfactory, the procedure is repeated until an optimal result is obtained. The engine should not overheat (a sign of a lean fuel composition), stop, or smoke too much.
Adjusting screws for Ural chainsaws
Chainsaw oil
For the Ural chainsaw, M-8B oil is used. It is mixed with A-72 gasoline (currently AI-92 or AI-93 is used) in a ratio of 1:20. Long-term practice has shown the reliability, high characteristics of this oil, the absence of premature wear and the appearance of carbon deposits on the spark plug. The same oil is used to lubricate the saw chain gearbox, which increases its service life and makes the saw easier to operate.
Liquids for refilling chainsaws Ural
Modifications
During the entire production of the chainsaw, Friendship 4 has not undergone any major design changes. Let's see what minor changes have occurred in the design of the chainsaw:
- 1950 - 1960 . The first structural modification concerned a change in the mounting option for the handles; they began to be attached to the fan cover, and subsequently the fastening was moved to the clamp that connected the engine and gearbox.
- 1960 - 1980 . At this time, a modification of the chainsaw called Druzhba - 4A, which had two main advantages: a contact magneto and the well-known KMP-100 carburetor, entered the assembly line and was produced for 20 years. At the end of the 80s, the modification of the Druzhba -4A chainsaw was discontinued.
- Late 1980s. Release of the Druzhba-4M Electron modification. Electronic ignition was used for the first time.
- 1990s . Equipping the chainsaw with a modern (at that time) carburetor KMP-100U. Changes in the saw set - the use of modern type chains.
Many people are confused and say that a number of other changes were made to the Druzhba 4 chainsaw, such as a removable starter, a detachable crankcase and a removable cylinder, but they are deeply mistaken. All these changes were made on the Ural chainsaw, the basis of which was Druzhba.
