DIY 12 volt solenoid

DIY solenoid motor

Have a good time everyone. In this article we will look at how the author made a solenoid motor with his own hands.

For the solenoid, the author took a piece from a telescopic radio antenna.

Two washers are the right size.

I put the washers on the antenna and fixed them with super glue.
Then the author took an insulated copper wire approximately 20 m long and wound it in one direction around the solenoid body. Next, the author will make a solenoid rod from a regular nail of suitable diameter. The rod should move freely in the tube.

Next, he measures and cuts off the excess.

Then the author takes the body of a ballpoint pen and marks it and cuts off the excess. Places this piece from the handle onto the stem and glues it with glue.

Then he makes a through hole in this tube.

Next, parallel to the hole, the author cuts a groove. Checks.

Then he takes a small wooden block with pre-drilled holes along the edges.

And attaches the solenoid to the block using plastic clamps (ties.) Cuts off the excess ends.

Then the author will make a crank mechanism. To do this, he will take a thick copper wire, remove the insulation from it and bend it as shown in the picture below. Then he will take another piece of the same wire and make a connecting rod from it. Like this. Next, install the connecting rod in its place, putting pieces of cambrics on both sides of the connecting rod to limit the movement of the connecting rod from side to side. The author took a piece of board as the base.

And the author made two identical bars in them with one hole each. The author will use them as support posts for the shaft.

I installed the shaft on the stands, tried it on and glued it. Then I limited the axial movement of the shaft using pieces of cambric.

On one side of the shaft, the author placed a flywheel previously carved from wood.

He then connected the connecting rod to the solenoid. Then I measured the required distance and glued the solenoid.

Next, he took a piece of copper wire with a slightly smaller diameter than he used for the connecting rod.

And first he made permanent motor contacts from it.

And then the control contact. Then the author has a check. Next, the author connects the solenoid to the contacts.

Well, the author has a solenoid motor ready. And now a test from the author. The author used a battery from a screwdriver as power supply.

And connects using alligator clips for wires. As we all see, everything works fine for the author.

Homemade video:
Source Delivery of new homemade products to the post office

Receive a selection of new homemade products by email. No spam, only useful ideas!

*By filling out the form you agree to the processing of personal data

Become the author of the site, publish your own articles, descriptions of homemade products and pay for the text. Read more here. usamodelkina.ru

How to make a solenoid motor

electric-220.ru

How to make a simple electromagnet - step-by-step instructions with diagrams

Such a device is convenient because its operation is easy to control using electric current - changing the poles, changing the force of attraction. In some matters it becomes truly indispensable, and is often used as a constructive element of various homemade products. It’s not difficult to make a simple electromagnet with your own hands, especially since almost everything you need can be found in every home.

What you will need

• Any suitable sample made of iron (it is highly magnetic). This will be the core of the electromagnet.
• The wire is copper, always with insulation to prevent direct contact of the two metals. For a homemade electric magnet, the recommended cross-section is 0.5 (but not more than 1.0).
• DC source - battery, battery, power supply.

Additionally:

• Connecting wires for connecting an electromagnet.
• Soldering iron or electrical tape to secure contacts.

This is a general recommendation since the electromagnet is made for a specific purpose. Based on this, the components of the circuit are selected.

And if it is done at home, then there cannot be any standard - whatever is at hand will do.

For example, in relation to the first point, a nail, a lock shackle, or a piece of iron rod are often used as a core - the choice of options is huge.

Winding

The copper wire is carefully wound onto the core, turn by turn. With such scrupulousness, the efficiency of the electromagnet will be the maximum possible.

After the first “pass” along the iron sample, the wire is laid in a second layer, sometimes a third. It depends on how much power the device requires.

But the direction of winding must remain unchanged, otherwise the magnetic field will become “unbalanced”, and the electromagnet will hardly be able to attract anything to itself.

To understand the meaning of the ongoing processes, it is enough to remember the physics lessons from the high school course - moving electrons, the EMF they create, the direction of its rotation.

After winding is completed, the wire is cut so that the leads can be conveniently connected to the power source. If it's a battery, then directly. When using a power supply, battery or other device, you will need connecting wires.

What to consider

There are certain difficulties with the number of layers.

• As turns increase, reactance increases. This means that the current strength will begin to decrease, and the attraction will become weaker.
• On the other hand, increasing the current rating will cause the winding to heat up.

The operating principle of the electromagnet is described in detail in the following video:

Connection

• Cleaning the copper terminals. The wire is initially coated with several layers of varnish (depending on the brand), and it is known to be an insulator.
• Soldering copper and connecting wires. Although this is not essential, you can twist it by insulating it with a PVC pipe or adhesive tape.
• Fixing the second ends of the wires on the clamps. For example, the “crocodile” type. Such removable contacts will allow you to easily change the poles of the electromagnet, if necessary during its use.

Useful tips

• To make a powerful electromagnet, home craftsmen often use a coil from an MP (magnetic starter), relays, or contactors. They are available for both 220 and 380 V.

It is not difficult to select an iron core based on its internal cross-section. For ease of control, you need to include a rheostat (variable resistance) in the circuit. Accordingly, such an electric magnet is already connected to the outlet.

The force of attraction is regulated by changing the R chain.

• You can increase the power of an electromagnet by increasing the cross-section of the core. But only up to certain limits. And here you have to experiment.

• Before making an electric magnet, you need to make sure that the selected iron sample is suitable for this. The check is quite simple. Take a regular magnet; There are a lot of things in the house on such “suction cups”. If it attracts the part selected for the core, it can be used. If the result is negative or “weak,” it is better to look for another sample.

Making an electromagnet is quite simple. Everything else depends on the patience and ingenuity of the master. You may have to experiment to get what you need - with the supply voltage, wire cross-section, and so on. Any homemade product requires not only a creative approach, but also time. If you do not regret it, then an excellent result is guaranteed.

12 volt electromagnet

In this video lesson, the “E+M” channel talked about what an electromagnet is. He also showed how to make it by hand with a supply voltage of 12 volts and performed a series of experiments using it. Showed how to increase efficiency.

First, a little theory of history. In the early 19th century, Danish physicist Oersted discovered the connection between electricity and magnetism. A current passing through a conductor located next to the compass deflects its needle towards the conductor. This indicates the presence of a magnetic field around the conductor. It also turned out that if you wind a conductor into a coil, its magnetic properties will increase. In a coil of wire, the so-called solenoid, magnetic lines are formed, the same as in a permanent magnet.

Depending on which side we carry the coil to the compass, it will deviate in one direction or another. Since two poles have formed in the coil: north and south. It is possible to change the direction of electric current when the poles are reversed. For the experiment, the author of the channel wound 2 identical coils. The first coil is 260 turns, resistance 7 ohms. 2 is twice as much. 520 turns, resistance 15 ohms. Power will be supplied from a DC source. Voltage 12 volts. In this case, it is a computer power supply. A lead-acid battery will also work.

Let's start experiments with the first coil, which has 260 turns. The multimeter is set to current measurement mode. It will show the current in amps flowing through the coil. As you can see, the indicator is 1.4 amperes. This is enough to attract small metal objects. Let's try a larger object. Let it be an iron ruble. The coil cannot handle this load. Let's try the same experiment with the second coil. The current here is 0.7 amperes. This is 2 times less than 1. At the same voltage of 12 volts. She also cannot attract the ruble. What can we do to increase the magnetic properties of our coil? Let's try to install an iron core. To do this we use a bolt. Now it will act as a magnetic circuit. The latter promotes the passage of magnetic flux through itself and increases the corresponding properties of the solenoid. Now our design has turned into an electromagnet. He can already handle the ruble with ease. The current remained the same, 1.4 amperes.

Let's experiment further and see how many of these objects a magnetic coil can attract. The electromagnet heats up, which means its resistance increases. The higher the resistance, the lower the current. The less magnetic field the coil creates. Let's let the electromagnet cool completely and repeat the experiments. This time the load will be 12 coins. As you can see, the lower coins began to fall off on their own as the current decreased. No matter how much the presenter tried to experiment, he managed to raise no more than this load.

Let's carry out the same experiment with the second coil. It has twice as many turns. Let's see if it's stronger than the previous one. Watch the continuation of the 12-volt electromagnet in the video from minute 6.

izobreteniya.net

Tips on how to make an electromagnet with your own hands

Regardless of why a person needs a magnet, it can easily be made at home.

When you have such a thing at hand, you can use it not only to have fun picking up various small pieces of iron from the table, but also to find a useful use for it, for example, to find a needle dropped on the carpet.

In this article you will learn how easy it is to make an electromagnet with your own hands at home.

A little physics

As we remember (or don’t remember) from physics lessons, in order to convert electric current into a magnetic field, we need to create induction. Inductance is created using an ordinary coil, inside which this field arises and is transmitted to the steel core around which the coil is wound.

Thus, depending on the polarity, one end of the core will emit a field with a minus sign, and the opposite end will emit a field with a plus sign. But visual magnetic abilities are not affected in any way by polarity. So, when you are done with physics, you can begin decisive action to create a simple electromagnet with your own hands.

Materials for making the simplest magnet

First of all, we need any inductor with a copper wire wound around the core. This can be a regular transformer from any power supply.

An excellent way to create electromagnets is to wind them around the narrowed back of picture tubes of old monitors or televisions.

The conductor threads in transformers are protected by insulation consisting of an almost invisible layer of special varnish that prevents the passage of electric current, which is exactly what we need. In addition to the indicated conductors, to create an electromagnet with your own hands you also need to prepare:

1. A regular one and a half volt battery.
2. Scotch tape or tape.
3. Sharp knife.
4. Hundreds of nails.

The process of making a simple magnet

We start by removing the wires from the transformer. As a rule, its middle is located inside the steel frame. You can, after removing the surface insulation on the coil, simply unwind the wire, dragging it between the frames and the coil. Since we don't need a lot of wire, this method is the most acceptable here. When we have released enough wire, we do the following:

1. We wind the wire removed from the transformer coil around a nail, which will serve as a steel core for our electromagnet. It is advisable to make turns as often as possible, pressing them tightly against each other. Do not forget to leave a long end of the wire at the initial turn, through which our electromagnet will be powered to one of the poles of the battery.
2. When we reach the opposite end of the nail, we also leave a long conductor for powering. We cut off the excess wire with a knife. To prevent the spiral we wound from unraveling, you can wrap it with tape or tape.
3. We strip both ends of the wire coming from the wound nail from the insulating varnish with a knife.
4. We lean one end of the stripped conductor against the positive of the battery and secure it with tape or tape so that the contact is well maintained.
5. We wind the other end to the minus in the same way.

The electromagnet is ready for use. By scattering metal clips or tacks on the table, you can check its functionality.

How to make a powerful electromagnet