How to use a screwdriver: care and preparation of the tool

Often, on the farm or during repairs, situations arise when a screwdriver is simply necessary. This hand-held power tool is designed for tightening and unscrewing various fasteners (screws, self-tapping screws, etc.).

Schematic diagram of a screwdriver.

Not every owner knows how to use a screwdriver, despite the high demand for this tool on the farm. There is nothing difficult in working with a screwdriver, however, to get the best results from using it, it is recommended to adhere to certain rules.

Features and types of instruments

The screwdriver can be battery-powered or mains-powered. The type of operation of the tool can be different; in this regard, it is customary to distinguish the following types:

• drill-driver;
• impact wrench;
• cordless screwdriver;
• ordinary screwdriver.

According to the type of work, screwdrivers are divided into several types: screwdriver, drill-driver, impact wrench and cordless screwdriver.

The operating principles of each of these tools are similar, the difference between them lies in the functions for which they are intended.

A drill-driver additionally allows you to drill a hole, while a regular one is intended only for working with fasteners. The impact wrench is designed to work with bolts and nuts, and the cordless screwdriver is designed to tighten and unscrew fasteners with Phillips heads. The last device has the lowest power of all.

A screwdriver is indispensable if you need to make a suspended ceiling, install drywall or sheet insulation. The absence of this device greatly complicates the work, during which it is necessary to tighten many screws or other fasteners. And in everyday life, when you need to screw in or unscrew one screw, doing this with a screwdriver is much more convenient and faster.

Classification

In its shape, the equipment resembles an oblong metal hexagon, which is fixed at one end in the unit’s cartridge. It is the type of holder that determines how to remove the attachment from the screwdriver. Using another tip, the user screws in screws and self-tapping screws. The type of base determines what type of fastening element the model is intended for.

Bits are conventionally classified into 3 categories:

1. Basics . They have a cross-shaped working part. They are divided into spline, hexagonal, tetrahedral and sprocket.
2. Combined . A specific type of fastener can be secured to each side of the nozzle. They produce options with different shank sizes and shapes.
3. Special or highly specialized . Designed to perform specific tasks, therefore they are rarely used, sold individually.

The choice of equipment is facilitated by markings, on which the shape of the working part is indicated in letters, and the thickness of the rod is indicated in numbers.

Nozzles are made of hard and soft metals. According to the type of material, bits are distinguished from chromium, vanadium and molybdenum (two options are combined), as well as silicon-fire sinter. Steel samples are also available for sale, but their price is very high. Due to their short service life, purchasing such models is considered unprofitable.

Device setup and design features

The design of the tool is quite simple. The plastic housing houses a motor and a gear mechanism that drives a bit located at the end of the device. The design also includes a power switch, direction and speed switch, LED backlight, and tightening torque regulator.

Before using a screwdriver, you need to select an attachment for it that will correspond to the size of the head of the self-tapping screw or screw.

The operating principle of the tool is as simple as its design. The nozzle, fixed in the cartridge, is driven by a shaft, which begins to move from the engine through the gearbox. Before starting to work with a screwdriver, you need to check whether the battery is charged and whether the required attachment is installed.

To install the required nozzle, you need to select it according to the size of the head of the fastener and insert it into the magnetic holder of the cartridge. To do this, the cartridge and coupling must be removed from the device. After installing the required bit, the cartridge is reattached to the tool body.

Next you need to set the optimal bit rotation speed. This can be done using a special regulator. The required mode is set on the device being used before it is used. You can also switch the direction of the bit's movement.

Before using a screwdriver, you need to adjust the depth of screwing of the fastener. Over time, it may be necessary to replace the magnetic holder in the socket. To replace the magnetic holder, the cartridge and coupling, the magnetic holder are removed, and another is installed in its place. After this, the chuck with the coupling is installed back into the screwdriver body.

Chuck mounting methods

Before removing the chuck from a Hammer, Hilti, Hitachi DS 12 DVF 3, Enkor, Elitech, Resanta, Soyuz, Stanley, Diold Dea – 12LI-08, Makita DF (Makita DDF), Metabo (Metabo Powermaxx BS) screwdriver ), Patron, Pit, Skil, Sturm (Storm), AEG 14.4 and others, it is necessary to determine the method of its fixation .

Bit holders are connected to the tool using:

• Morse cone . This type of fastening is very reliable. The cartridge is put on the shaft and snaps into place.
• Threads . In this case, it is screwed onto the shaft.

Some manufacturers use a fixing screw in their models as an additional connection.

On the screwdriver itself you can see a mark that indicates the fixing method used. 1-6 B10 on the surface indicates the presence of a conical connection. 1-6 is the diameter of the shank in mm, 10 is the cone. To remove it you will need a 10mm hex wrench.

When threading, the cartridge is marked 1.0-11 M12*1.25. The two initial numbers indicate the diameter of the drill shank . The numbers that appear after the letter indicate the size of the thread. On devices shipped from abroad, the marks are indicated in inches, so they may differ from those indicated above.

Safety precautions when using a screwdriver

Use the tool only after making all necessary settings. To get started, you need to connect the device to the network or connect a battery to it. After this, you can turn on the screwdriver and perform the actions for which it is intended, that is, tighten or unscrew the fasteners. Compliance with operating rules allows you to extend the service life of the tool and get better results in a shorter time.

Adjusting the movement of the bit is strictly prohibited while the screwdriver is operating. Care must be taken to ensure that no moisture gets on the instrument or inside its body. It is strongly recommended to use the device only in sufficient lighting conditions. In addition, if the tool is networked, then the electrical network must operate without voltage drops.

Contact between the screwdriver and grounded objects is strictly prohibited. If this happens, the technician may receive an electric shock. Do not allow the device to overheat due to prolonged continuous operation. If the screwdriver is not allowed to rest, it may burn out. The instructions for the tool must be studied in detail before using it. You should not work with a screwdriver if any faults are detected in it.

It is advisable to wear special protective clothing while working.

Thus, despite the simplicity of the design and operating principle of the device, not every novice craftsman knows how to use a screwdriver correctly in order to extend its service life. Compliance with some simple operating rules will ensure the safety of the master, the safety of the device and the excellent quality of the result.

The screwdriver has successfully replaced not only various types of screwdrivers, but also wrenches and hex keys. This tool is also used instead of a drill. For builders and furniture makers, an electric screwdriver has become an indispensable assistant. There are always uses for it at home. The range on the market is represented by a wide variety of models. Despite the prevalence of screwdrivers in various fields of activity, not all users, especially beginners, know how to operate them. Proper use, maintenance and storage of power tools will maximize their service life.

Read also: Do-it-yourself electric jack 12 volts

Fastening device – non-combat cartridge

The chuck is the fastener in which the drill is fixed. The fastener itself is screwed onto the tool spindle. Most often, drills are equipped with a jaw chuck. This design is a hollow cylinder with metal “fingers” inside. When you turn the adjusting ring, which is located outside the assembly, the “fingers” converge or diverge along the inner cone-shaped surface. In such a “fist” you can clamp both a drill with a cylindrical shank and a hexagonal one.

Convenience and ease of use have made the cam mechanism popular. However, it is not without its drawbacks. One of them is the difficulty of working with small drills. A short product may simply fall inside. You can still secure it by placing the drill in a horizontal position, but you can’t put too much pressure on it while working. If another drill was inserted into the drill, you can remove it by turning the adjusting ring in the appropriate direction. It is not always possible to do this manually; for this purpose there is a special key that acts like a lever, increasing the force. By the way, it is also not recommended to tighten the drill without a key - the larger the diameter of the drill, the more reliable the fastening should be.

When purchasing fasteners, make sure that they are rubberized - this way you will be less likely to injure your hands when securing the tool.

The quick-release fastener, the second most popular, can be operated without a key. Simply insert the drill and turn the lever; this can often be done with one hand. The drill fixation that this type of chuck provides is quite sufficient for most jobs, however, compared to the classic fastening option, it is inferior in reliability and is more expensive. The main advantage of a quick-release fastener is the speed of drill replacement and the safety of the process, since such a chuck is devoid of teeth that can injure your hands. The absence of a specialized key is also a significant advantage! Experienced builders know how easily it gets lost, so very often you can see a key taped to a wire with tape or tape.

True, this does not add convenience, but there is at least some confidence that you won’t have to look for the key throughout the construction site. How to change the drill bit in a screwdriver? The scheme is absolutely identical - the chucks of most drills are similar to the fasteners on screwdrivers. Of course, the latter tool cannot be a full-fledged replacement for a high-quality drill, if only because the fasteners are not provided for drills with a large diameter, and the speed of a screwdriver is usually lower.

Design and principle of operation of a screwdriver

According to the feeding method, screwdrivers are divided into two types:

• network, connected to networks with a voltage of 220 V;
• rechargeable batteries that use the energy of the accumulated charge.

Recently, instruments with a combined power supply have also appeared. They combine all the advantages of both varieties.

The external and internal design of network and battery models is almost the same. In general, a power tool consists of the following structural elements:

• housings;
• cartridge;
• power buttons;
• switch for the direction of rotation of the electric motor (reverse);
• speed controller (number of revolutions);
• power lock buttons;
• tightening force regulator (torque value switch).

The photo below shows the design of a cordless screwdriver.

A number of models are additionally equipped with lighting, which is structurally implemented in different ways. Not every product has a speed controller and a power lock button. Corded electric screwdrivers have a power cord, while cordless ones have a charge storage unit installed instead.

The body of a power tool is most often made of plastic, and much less often - of alloys of different metals. For convenience, it usually consists of 2 halves. Inside the case there are the following main parts:

• electric motor (DC or AC);
• pay;
• capacitor;
• gearbox;
• coupling

The electrical connections vary depending on the model.

An electric screwdriver can be equipped with different types of chucks. The most widely used is the quick-clamping three-jaw version of this part. The cartridge also consists of separate parts, which are shown in the photo below.

It should be taken into account that if the purpose of the screwdriver is highly specialized, then this may introduce some design changes.

The operating principle of both corded and cordless screwdrivers is the same. It consists in the fact that electrical energy drives an electric motor to rotate. Through the gearbox and shaft, force and speed are transmitted from the motor to the attachment fixed in the chuck. She is already drilling a hole or screwing or unscrewing fasteners. A peculiarity of the process is that the electric motor in network models operates at an alternating voltage of 220 V, and in battery-powered ones - at a constant voltage, the value of which can be in the range from 3.5 V to 36 V.

How to replace the chuck - updating the drill

Most often, the cartridge is the first to become unusable in a drill. Dismantling it at home is not easy, but it is possible! The fastener is screwed onto the spindle itself, but in addition it is also secured with a bolt with a left-hand thread. In order to get it, you need to completely open the cartridge - it is inside. The whole difficulty of unscrewing it lies in the fact that many do not know about the left-hand thread, and when trying to unscrew it, they twist it even more, tear off the cap and eventually take it to the service center.

By unscrewing the bolt, you can also unscrew the cartridge itself, although this is not so easy to do. Some models have recesses at the base of the thread for a wrench - in this case, you can fix the spindle and unscrew the fasteners using a lot of force. The real difficulty comes when there are no wrench cuts. You will have to remove the housing cover to secure the spindle inside the drill. Difficult, but doable.

Removing a cartridge is one thing. Finding a new one is a completely different matter. In addition to the methods for clamping the drill, which are described above, different chucks also have different threads! The surest way not to confuse anything is to take an old cartridge with you and demonstrate it to the seller, or choose the right one based on the layout. When you have completed this task, all that remains for you is to screw the chuck onto the spindle and screw in the bolt, which in our case is screwed counterclockwise.

An indispensable power tool with a self-explanatory name, the screwdriver is actively used in construction work. The most common procedure with such a device is replacing the drill. Sometimes it seems that this process is very complicated and almost impossible.

However, in reality, replacing a drill in a screwdriver will not be difficult, the main thing is to follow the instructions step by step and pay attention to the details

Changing attachments

Changing the attachment on a screwdriver is not difficult. The tool can be equipped with a quick-release chuck or a key-type chuck. Replace the equipment in both cases in a similar way. To remove a drill from a screwdriver with a keyless chuck and insert a new one or another type of equipment, proceed as follows:

• first, select a bit according to the size of the head and the type of slot on it (cross, straight or other) or a drill of the required diameter corresponding to the material in which the hole is to be created;
• spin the cartridge counterclockwise;
• in the center, between the spread cams, install the selected type of equipment;
• Rotating the cartridge case in the direction of the clock hand, clamp the nozzle.

You can remove the drill bit from the screwdriver (or another attachment) by holding the moving part of the chuck with one hand and pressing the start button with the other. Just first switch the direction of rotation to unwinding.

When a drill-driver is equipped with a key chuck, then to change the equipment do this:

• inserting the key into the recess for it, unscrew the cartridge;
• I install the nozzle;
• clamp it by turning the key clockwise.

There are models in which you can remove one type of cartridge, for example, a quick-detachable one, and replace it with a turnkey analogue . When choosing any option, you need to focus not only on ease of use, but you should also consider the pros and cons of each of them. Thus, the key chuck securely clamps the equipment, which is important when drilling, and the quick-release chuck allows you to quickly replace it, even with one hand (the other holds the handle, pressing the start button as necessary).

What to do if the bit gets stuck

Craftsmen often have a question about how to remove a bit from a screwdriver if it is jammed. It can get stuck in any type of cartridge for the following reasons:

• accumulation of a large amount of debris, scale under the figured frequent cams;
• fixation in the holder of equipment whose size is larger than permissible;
• poor quality material or nozzle overheating.

If such situations occur, the tool will not work. There are several ways to help remove a stuck element yourself, but if you do not have the necessary knowledge, it is better to solve the problem in a service center.

Experts recommend pulling out a drill or bit only after thoroughly lubricating the chuck with WD-40 . In this case, the element must be removed, and then lubricant must be poured until it flows over all the cams. After 15 min. The holder of the equipment is clamped in a vice, the jaws are tapped with a hammer (preferably a rubber one), and a cloth or wooden strip is placed under it. When the grip of the cams loosens, the nozzle will be easily unscrewed.

If it is not possible to achieve a positive result, then the cartridge is heated with a hairdryer.

Sometimes craftsmen use adjustable wrenches to remove equipment. One clamps the cartridge, and the other carefully unscrews its upper part. The use of soft, thin, but dense gaskets allows you to avoid damage to parts.

Scope of application of the screwdriver

Using a screwdriver correctly means performing only those operations specified in the operating instructions by the manufacturer of this product. The main types of work (by purpose) for this tool are:

• screwing in or unscrewing various types of fasteners, including tightening and loosening bolts and nuts;
• drilling holes in materials of different hardness.

Using a screwdriver for its intended purpose is the most common way to use this device, both at home and in construction, furniture production, electrical installation, car assembly and repair. The scope of application of the product is not limited to these areas: a drill-driver is useful wherever you need to work with fasteners (assemble and disassemble various structures, equipment, machines) and drill holes of relatively small sizes.

The scope of possible application of a particular model is determined by the category it belongs to: household or professional. A tool intended for home use is relatively cheap and has little power and torque. Household models have low performance and limited functionality.

A drill/driver from the professional category has advanced functionality and high technical performance. Such a tool is designed for long-term, effective use for its intended purpose. It also has much wider possibilities for unconventional exploitation.

Types of bits for a screwdriver: how to choose

To choose the right nozzles, you need to study their varieties. First determine the shank shape type and diameter. It ranges from 1/4 to 1 inch.

• basic;
• special;
• combined.

Types of main bits:

splined. They differ in the width and thickness of the slot;

Spline bits of different widths and thicknesses

Types of special bits:

tri wing or triangular;

Double pin have a notch

The drywall bit has a stop stop

Spring Lock Bit

Combination bits have two types of shank shapes or one, but of different sizes. For example, a splined shank and sprocket.

Example of a combination nozzle

Splined shank and sprocket

Determine the length of bit you need for the job. It ranges from 10 to 200 mm.

Depending on the shape of the shank, the nozzles have a certain marking:

• Sl (Slot) – splined;
• Ph (Philips) – cross-shaped universal;
• Pz (Poz >An important characteristic is the grade of steel from which the bat is made. The nozzle may have a protective coating. The strength of the equipment depends on this. The main types of steel and coatings that should be given preference:

• Cr-v - chrome vanadium steel. The most common, with increased hardness;
• Cr-Mb - chromium-molybdenum steel. Less common. Very durable material;
• Ni - nickel coating. Increases resistance to corrosion;
• WC - tungsten carbide coating. Increases strength;
• Tin - titanium nitrite yellow coating. Increases strength.

Tin - coating for increased strength

Nozzles vary depending on the purpose:

• twisting and unscrewing;
• drilling;
• riveting;
• polishing;
• milling.

Considering all the parameters considered, you can easily select the necessary bits.

Non-traditional use cases

In addition to its direct purpose, an electric screwdriver is used to perform various non-traditional operations. These include the following types of work:

• polishing the car and its headlights;
• mixing small volumes of various building mixtures and paints;
• drilling holes in ice (for this purpose the tool is equipped with a special attachment - a drill);
• binding of reinforcement;
• thread cutting;
• mowing the grass (for this purpose, convert the device into a trimmer or lawn mower, or simply insert an attachment with blades into the cartridge);
• chopping soft grass or thin branches (for this, a garden shredder is created based on a drill-driver);
• surface grinding;
• cutting materials;
• twisting of wires.

Read also: Firewood splitter rating

This is far from a complete list of non-traditional work performed using battery-powered or corded models of electric screwdrivers. Inventive thought does not stand still. Almost every specialist has options for work that is atypical for this power tool.

Using a screwdriver, you can return your car to its original color and shine. To polish a car, use the following types of attachments:

• leather or fabric circles, with their help they perform initial cleaning of surfaces;
• felt - they are used for initial processing and final polishing (nozzles made from sheepskin are suitable);
• foam rubber.

Polishing pastes and polishes are also used along with the equipment. They come in these types:

Using similar means, headlights are polished.

The quality of the achieved result is determined by the correct combination of attachments with polishing agents, as well as the accuracy and skill of performing the work.

Knitting reinforcing bars using steel wire is very common in the construction industry during the construction of reinforced concrete (monolithic) structures, for example, foundations and houses. Even if there is only a small amount of work to be done, working with a hand hook or pliers is quite unproductive. A cordless or corded electric screwdriver equipped with a hook attachment will help you knit reinforcement much faster. In this case, the power indicator of the tool is not particularly important.

Twisting the cut ends of wires, for example in junction boxes, is also a fairly routine job. You can speed up the process by using a screwdriver with a special attachment. How twisting is done is shown in the video below:

Care and storage

• regularly disassemble and clean the internal elements of the screwdriver from carbon deposits, dust and dirt;
• If unstable operation occurs, carry out diagnostics. Check the wear of the brushes so that you do not have to change the motor armature;
• Do not leave the instrument in areas with high humidity or under the sun. The same goes for the battery;
• Do not keep the battery near keys, coins or other short metal objects. In case of accidental contact with the poles, the battery will short circuit. As a result, a fire may occur;
• At the end of the working day, take a clean rag and wipe the instrument. The cloth can be slightly moistened with water without using detergents;
• The screwdriver should be stored in a dry environment with positive temperatures. Use a case or other packaging to prevent the instrument from becoming covered in dust.

Operate a screwdriver, observing safety precautions and the rules described in the instructions. Choose the right equipment. And then the tool will serve you for a long time.

A screwdriver is a tool designed for tightening fasteners. If you have drills and special attachments, you can also perform some other operations with it.

Features of drilling concrete, metal, brick with a screwdriver

Electric screwdrivers are used to drill wood, metal, concrete and other materials. At the same time, the functionality of the model used depends on its technical indicators: power, magnitude, torque, presence of shock operating mode, rotation speed. The operating instructions contain precise instructions on whether a particular material can be drilled with a screwdriver. It also provides the maximum diameter of the holes to be created, and in some cases, restrictions on depth.

Only a sufficiently powerful drill/driver can drill through a brick or concrete wall. In most cases, such devices can operate in shock mode. But drilling into a concrete wall with a screwdriver, even an impact type, is quite problematic. This tool is suitable for one-time operations only. This labor-intensive work is best done with a hammer drill.

In soft wood, even battery products from the household category are capable of creating holes with a cross-section of up to 20 mm. Using budget models from the rating of the best electric screwdrivers of 2017, various metals, including steel, are drilled. In this case, the diameter of the holes can reach 10 mm.

To drill each material, a specific type of drill is used. The nozzles differ not only in the material from which they are made, but also in their design and sharpening.

When working with a tool, the rotating drill must enter the surface of the material perpendicular to it - this allows you to evenly distribute the load on the equipment and create more accurate holes.

When drilling metal, it is recommended to first make a small depression in the center of the future hole using a core. This will prevent the drill bit from slipping on a smooth metal surface. If you need to make a hole with a sufficiently large diameter, you should first drill a smaller one. Also, when working with metal, it is recommended to regularly lubricate the nozzle with a special compound.

When using a drill-driver, you should keep in mind that you cannot apply strong pressure to it, because this will not only not speed up the work, but can also damage the drill, as well as the power tool itself. The effort must be constantly maintained at the same level. To avoid jamming or breaking the nozzle, you need to remove it from the drilled hole only when rotating. If the drill still gets stuck, you can get it out by reversing it.

It is recommended to drill small parts by first securing them in a vice. If you have to make a through hole in a thin sheet of metal or in a thin piece of wood, then you need to fit even pieces of plywood or boards under them.

Types of cartridges for screwdrivers

There are several types of screwdriver chucks. Below you can find out more about each of them.

Key tooth chuck

To fix the drill in the gear chuck, the master will need to use a special key. As a rule, fastening is carried out by 3 “cams”, which are located symmetrically around the longitudinal axis of the spindle. The only disadvantage of such a chuck is the high risk of losing the key, without which it will be difficult to replace drills.

Keyless chuck

You can secure the drill in the quick-release chuck using your hand. Screwdrivers with single-sleeve and double-sleeve chucks are available for sale. The former are easy to use, while the manufacturer equips the latter with a pair of rotating rings (clamping and loosening). The main advantage of quick-release chucks is the ability to quickly replace drills. The quality of the clamp is similar to the key type, however, experts recommend giving preference to gear chucks when working with hard material under high loads.

Recommendations for proper instrument care

Both battery-powered and mains-powered models require periodic maintenance and ongoing care. Together with proper storage and the absence of operational overloads, these factors can extend the life of the screwdriver.

Quality care consists of the following:

1. Do not let water get on the instrument. Therefore, the product should be stored in a specially designated, dry place.
2. It is forbidden to throw the electric screwdriver.
3. You should not overload the power tool: you can focus partly on heating the body. Only sharp drills should be used.
4. The chuck must be lubricated periodically: the frequency of this activity is indicated in the operating instructions.
5. If dirt, dust, adhering chips and other contaminants get in, they should be removed with a dry cloth (especially be careful with fuels and lubricants). You should also wipe down the device you are using at the end of the working day. The equipment must also always be in a clean condition.
6. Batteries should be stored so that there is no short circuit between their terminals. The drives must not be deformed or left under direct sunlight.
7. It is recommended to store lithium-ion batteries half charged from the maximum capacity, nickel-metal hydride batteries - fully charged, nickel-cadmium batteries - partially discharged (but only slightly).
8. Nickel-cadmium drives after storage (or new ones) should be subjected to 3 full charge/discharge cycles before use so that they retain their capacity, and nickel-metal hydride – 4-5.
9. Manufacturers recommend storing and operating electric screwdrivers at temperatures from -5 to +30 degrees.
10. The charger for battery models must be turned off after charging the batteries to avoid overheating.
11. Before and after work, it is recommended to check the integrity of the product being used, especially its moving parts.
12. When drilling, it is recommended to periodically cool the bit using various methods.

Read also: Nozzles for gas stoves for natural gas

Compliance with the given care recommendations does not take much time, but it helps to significantly extend the life of the product.

Before you start using a new screwdriver, it is recommended that you first read the operating instructions for it from the manufacturer. It already indicates the design features of the model, its technical characteristics, suitable area of ​​application, frequency of maintenance, recommendations for transportation and storage. There are also safety rules that must be followed.

If, while working with the tool, there is a smell of melting plastic or insulation, smoke, uncharacteristic noise, or excessive vibration, then you should immediately stop using it.

When a product is under warranty, it is better to take it to a service center. Otherwise, you can try to repair it yourself.

It often happens that you can’t do without a screwdriver. A screwdriver is an indispensable assistant in the manufacture of suspended ceilings and installation of drywall. Repair work becomes more complicated if you don’t have a screwdriver on hand that can easily tighten screws and fasteners. In the domestic sphere it is in demand no less than in professional activities.

However, not all tool owners know how to use a screwdriver correctly. There is nothing difficult about this, the main thing is to adhere to some rules and recommendations for beginners.

Magnetizing and hardening bits

The majority of nozzles on sale are mainly made in China. They are made of soft material, which causes them to quickly lose their original shape. It cannot be restored, so such samples are characterized by a short service life.

In order not to constantly buy new bits, it is recommended to harden them. To carry out the procedure, wrap a piece around the nozzle and heat it red hot over a gas burner. After the equipment turns red, it is lowered into a tin can previously filled with machine oil for 5-6 seconds. This manipulation is carried out several times, taking breaks for 2-3 seconds. An element is considered hardened after it has turned black.

Prices in online stores

The magnetization procedure will provide more comfortable work. There are several ways:

1. The bat is placed with its working ends between 2 neodymium magnets, which are placed in such a way that they repel each other. To hold them together they are connected with plasticine. You will have to wait at least 10 hours for the effect.
2. Insert the bit into a special device for magnetizing and demagnetizing screwdrivers. The desired effect is achieved by placing the element in a square window.
3. Copper wire, from which the insulation has been previously removed, is wound in 3 rows on a plastic tube. The nozzle is inserted inside. The ends of the wire are connected to the terminals of the battery or battery. To enhance the effect, connect 2-3 batteries in series. After a minute, the result of magnetization is assessed.

Craftsmen also offer a simple option - rub the equipment on all sides against a magnet. They are trying to hold the fastener. If necessary, repeat the manipulation.

Types of instruments: characteristic features

Screwdrivers can be classified into the following types:

1. Drill/driver
2. Impact wrench
3. Cordless screwdriver
4. Standard screwdriver

The operating principle of the tools is similar to each other, but there are still differences in functionality.

A drill-driver can not only tighten a screw, but also drill a hole. The impact wrench specializes in bolts and nuts. The third representative is a cordless screwdriver, designed exclusively for screwing/unscrewing fastening elements with a cross-shaped head. The latter type is characterized by low power, unlike the above.

Tool kit

Typically, such a tool is sold in special cases, where each part has its own place.

The drill/driver itself consists of a main tool and a removable battery, which is recharged from a household electrical outlet.

For charging, a special charger is used that comes with the set.

What does a screwdriver consist of? Device setup.

The plastic case contains a motor and a gear mechanism that drives the bit, which is installed at the end of the screwdriver. The device is equipped with a start toggle switch, a direction and speed switch, LED backlighting and a tightening time regulator.

The operating principle of the tool is very simple. The nozzle, previously fixed in the cartridge, moves with the help of a shaft, which begins to move from the operation of the motor through a gearbox. Before using a screwdriver, you should find out whether the battery is charged and whether the correct attachment is installed.

Immediately before performing the work, you need to look for a nozzle so that it matches the head of the self-tapping screw or screw.

To install the required nozzle, you should select it according to the size of the head of the fastener element and secure it in the magnetic holder of the cartridge. First, the chuck with the coupling must be removed from the device, and after fixing the bit, the chuck must again be secured to the screwdriver body.

Then you need to assign a suitable bit speed. The setting is performed using a special regulator. The required mode is set when the instrument is turned off.

Before using a power tool, it is necessary to adjust the screwing depth of the fastening element. After some time, it may be necessary to replace the magnetic holder. To change it, remove the cartridge, magnetic mount and coupling. Next, the chuck with the coupling is fixed back into the screwdriver block housing.

How to choose bits for a screwdriver: prices and optimal sets

Bit sets are in high demand among consumers because they contain bits for all occasions. Such kits can help out in almost any situation, so it is very important to choose a really high-quality option.

Screwdriver bits can be purchased individually or in a set

How to choose bits for a screwdriver in a set? Main criteria:

1. Filling – it is desirable that the kit contains bits of basic shapes. They can be supplemented with highly specialized nozzles, but the cost of purchasing these sets will be justified only if such heads are really necessary and will be used frequently.
2. The quality of the metal from which the nozzles are made.
3. Reputation and reliability of the brand - foreign brands such as Bosch, Metabo, Hitachi, Makita, Craftool, etc. are considered the highest quality. Products from domestic brands are also on sale. For example, “Master” and “Expert” heads are designed for Zubr screwdrivers.

Rating table of the best sets with screwdriver attachments (prices for sets):

The best bit sets for screwdrivers of popular brands

Bosch screwdrivers are in demand among consumers. The products of this brand are distinguished by high quality, reliability and performance, so it is not surprising that bit sets from this company occupy high positions in the ratings.

Advantages of the Bosch 2607017164 set:

• the heads are made of durable material;
• convenient case with rubber coating;
• magnetic holder with quick-change and universal design.

Note! Many Bosch kits are made in China. Despite this, product quality is still maintained at a high level.

Metabo produces excellent quality attachments at an affordable price

The same category of best sets includes a set of heads for the Hitachi 754000 screwdriver, which is considered one of the largest, since the number of attachments in it reaches 100 pieces. Many of them are duplicated, so in case of a breakdown you can always use a spare bit. In terms of quality, these heads cannot be compared with Bosch attachments; this is the only reason why this kit came in third place in the rating. However, if you avoid heavy loads and use the bits carefully, they will last a very long time.

If you want to purchase attachments of the highest quality, you should pay attention to premium products. In this category, the best set of heads for the Metabo screwdriver 626704000 was recognized, having outstanding characteristics and performance qualities:

• convenient color marking for each type of slot;
• attractive appearance;
• the presence of bits with an elongated design;
• light and compact case.

And to top off all the listed advantages, you can add the relatively low cost of this set.

Bosch heads are characterized by reliability and high quality

How to change/insert/remove the nozzle (bit), drill + (Video)

After the required attachment (bit) for the drill has been selected, taking into account the size of the screw head and the configuration of the recesses (straight, cross), it must be installed in the very center between the open cams, and secured in the chuck by turning the sleeve in a clockwise direction. If a key type chuck is selected, then the key is installed in the recess on the chuck and then rotated clockwise until the nozzle is secured. The end of the nozzle is placed in the groove of the screw. Before starting the device, check the accuracy of setting the direction of rotation; the direction must coincide with the tightening of the screw.

Increasing pressure on the start button regulates the optimal rotation speed. When the screw is fully immersed, the force limiting mechanics are activated and then the drill stops.

How to regulate speed and force

The rotation speed is changed by a switch located on the screwdriver body. High speed is used for large bolts and screws, as well as for drilling, if such a function is present.

Many models have a force limiting clutch. Its presence in a power tool can be determined by a rotating ring with numbers. Some users do not understand the meaning of the clutch and do not touch it. Using a ratchet, you can adjust the depth of screwing in the screw. If the material is too soft, the head of the fastener is easily recessed and can pass right through. When using small fasteners, very high torque can destroy it. The ratchet prevents the slots of the screws from being cut off and the screwdriver bits from wearing out. To determine the desired value on the adjusting ring, make several passes, starting with the minimum. For drilling mode, maximum torque is used. But only if such a function is available.

How to work with a screwdriver + (Video)

After completing all the settings, you can start using the power tool. By studying the operating instructions for the screwdriver, you can prevent possible malfunctions during handling of the device, thereby increasing the service life of the tool.

It is not allowed to adjust the frequency and direction of rotation of the nozzle when the device is turned on. Do not touch grounded objects with power tools, otherwise a person may receive an electric shock. Do not use the device for a long time as it may burn out.

The room in which it is best to use a screwdriver should be well lit, and the power supply should be constant, without surges, this will avoid equipment malfunctions. Work must be carried out in specialized clothing and only with working tools.

How to use a screwdriver: useful operating tips

After purchasing a screwdriver, follow simple recommendations regarding use. And then the tool will work for a long time and efficiently:

• Before connecting and removing the battery, turn off the screwdriver;
• do not allow the instrument to overheat, take breaks;
• adjust the torque control clutch correctly;
• after using high speeds, set the minimum speed and idle the engine for several minutes to cool it down;
• Check the cable of the mains screwdriver, and the power cord of the charger for the battery. If a tool or charger periodically loses power, the wire must be replaced;
• Do not use the screwdriver in rain or snow. In humid environments, you can only work under a canopy.

What is needed for hardening

To harden a bat you need nothing at all. First of all, you need to have the bat itself. You will also need motor oil, which is best poured into a small tin can (you can also use already used substance). You will definitely need a wire 30-40 cm long, a container with cold water and, most importantly, a gas burner or induction heater. When all this is prepared, you can get to work.

Separately, it should be added that it would not be superfluous to keep a “basic” set of tools on hand. This primarily applies to screwdrivers and pliers. You never know what you might need during such a serious event.

Features of removing bits when they jam on screwdrivers from different manufacturers

Basically, all models of screwdrivers are quite similar, so the methods for removing a bit when jammed are similar.

• Bosch. In Bosch screwdrivers, you can get the bit using two keys after pre-lubricating the chuck.
• Makita. The tools of this company are reliable and have a long service life. The bit jamming occurs, as a rule, as a result of debris getting into the chuck. In this case, you can solve the problem by pouring lubricants into the inside of the cartridge. If there is no result, other methods are used.
• Interskol. Products manufactured under this brand work well and last a long time and rarely break down. It is easy to remove a jammed bit using the methods described.
• Other manufacturers. There are many instruments on sale from different brands - Metabo, Whirlwind, DeWALT, Diold, Caliber, Hammer. There are as many ways to remove the bat when a problem occurs as with other models. It is permissible to try all methods to cope with the problem.

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How to prepare for work?

The first thing you will need to do in order to get started is to remove the screwdriver from the case or suitcase and check for visible damage, chips or cracks. If you notice that there is something wrong with the tool, then under no circumstances should you use it, as this may be unsafe. Be sure to make sure that the screwdriver is charged, or that the screwdriver itself is connected to the mains. When these conditions are met, the screwdriver is turned on at idle speed and the rotation of the nozzle and the threads on the fastener are checked for compliance. If all conditions are met, then you can safely begin work.

Be sure to select and secure the correct bit or drill depending on where and how you plan to work. We mentioned how to secure them above when we talked about changing the nozzle.

When using the device directly, you must also follow a number of simple rules and requirements.

Pay close attention to the screwdriver itself. There is a special scale on it, by rotating which you can adjust the power of the tool.

When you turn the dial, set the mode you need, based on what kind of work you are currently doing.

• twisting;
• unscrewing;
• blocking

Switching between these tool capabilities is quite easy and simple. You just need to hold the screwdriver by the handle located above the battery. Most often, the handle is covered with a material that is rubberized. That is why such a processed handle is safe to use and guarantees that the screwdriver will not fall out of your hand while working. For greater reliability, the instrument is fastened to the hand using a strap.