How to make a reliable lifting mechanism for a bed with your own hands

Simple devices at a construction site

Any construction site cannot do without effective and simple devices to facilitate labor and increase the speed and quality of the object being built. Today in this article I will talk about some of them, the simplest and most effective.

The easiest way to climb along guides, two ropes and fixed guides are enough for it.

This method is simple, but there are some tricks and difficulties; you need to pull at the same time and the guides must be securely fastened.

This is a very simple device, but it also makes the work easier, since the force is applied downwards, and this is always easier than simply pulling on the rope.

A lift in the form of a well crane perfectly reduces the time for lifting loads. The only negative is that. that lifting heavy loads using such a device is very difficult.

But lifting the load is much easier than without a counterweight.

Types of chain hoist fastenings.

With the help of chain hoists, you can make your work several times easier. It all depends on the method of securing it.

If you apply fastening number 1, then the force will be equal to the weight of the load being lifted;

2- two times less than in the first case;

3 – three times less;

4 – four times less than in the first case.

With the help of a chain hoist you can lift a load without making much effort.

The figure shows the types and methods of fastening simple lifts with pulley blocks. Lifting mechanisms are made rotating and simple non-rotating.

To facilitate lifting, an electric drive is installed and beam cranes are installed. Such mechanisms completely replace a truck crane.

This is, of course, only a small part of all the devices and you can’t tell about them all in one article. So, wait for the continuation.

The most interesting and useful devices for construction

When building any object, be it a house or something else that requires lifting heavy objects to a height, you need to go in two ways.

The first and easiest way is to hire people to lift heavy materials such as mortar, concrete or something similar.

Second, make a lifting mechanism capable of lifting heavy loads.

This device can replace at least three people and it is made of an aluminum ladder and an electric hoist.

Such a lift is capable of lifting three buckets of concrete and can be used alone. It’s not difficult to make a welded frame on bearings, and anyone with a little knowledge of electric welding can easily attach an electric hoist to the top of a ladder.

If you attach the electric hoist as shown in the photo to a well-reinforced beam, then you will get a very convenient device that can easily replace a crane.

This simple device will speed up your work on grinding grooves when building from round timber. Using the same principle, you can make other devices for carpentry work.

With the help of such a simple device, you can not only break walls with virtually no noise, but also press metal parts during installation and hold together floor boards during installation.

A very convenient device, especially in the manufacture of fencing and other work involving a large amount of work with bent wire and fittings.

I also have experience working with almost the same device when making fences, and I liked that the speed of work increases significantly.

Making such a device for cleaning walls from paint will not take much time; for this you need a welding machine, an old drill, and by welding a metal plate to the drill, you can increase the speed of cleaning the walls using a hammer drill.

Using an attachment that you can buy in a store today and a construction vacuum cleaner, you can remove paint from the wall with virtually no dust.

Step-by-step manufacturing instructions

1. The frame installed in the opening is the main strength element of the gate. It bears the main load of the entire garage door system. The box is made from a 100*50 mm wooden beam or a thick metal corner. The width of the corner shelf should be 1.5 times wider than the sash thickness, that is, if the sash thickness is 40 mm, then we take the corner with shelves of at least 60 mm. The box parts are installed in the letter P, two on the sides of the opening, one on top. If we use wood, we fasten it with 100 mm self-tapping screws into pre-prepared wooden embeds. In the case of using a corner, we fasten it using anchor bolts, however, they are perfect for the first case.
2. Let's start assembling the frame for the gate leaf. We cut the profile pipe to size according to your drawing. We lay out the frame elements on a flat horizontal surface and, after checking the right angles, use a square to grab the joints. Before fully welding the joints, it is necessary to check the length of the frame diagonals with a piece of cord or tape measure. If necessary, you can adjust the product and begin fully welding the joints. We weld gussets at the corners of the frame, as shown in the drawing, to enhance the rigidity of the structure.

Welding joints of frame elements

We clean the weld seams from burrs and the entire frame from rust with a grinder.

• We coat the frame with an anti-corrosion primer and paint it with alkyd enamel in 2 layers with intermediate drying.
• We weld brackets with rollers to the upper corners at the end.
• We place it on the frame and fasten the profile sheet with self-tapping screws with a drill and a rubber washer in increments of 15–20 cm. We attach the sash opening handle to M8-M10 bolts. This operation can be done at the end of installation work, which significantly reduces the physical stress on workers when checking the operation of mechanisms.
• We attach guides for the rollers to the ceiling. We check their parallelism and perpendicularity to the opening.
• We temporarily install the sash in the opening to mark the place where the lever-spring mechanism is attached. We remove the sash and attach the levers along the marks to its ends with self-tapping screws.

Checking the correct operation of the gate

Gate leaf installation

How and with what to insulate

Classic insulation materials used for these purposes are mineral wool and polystyrene foam boards. Foam plastic compares favorably with mineral board in that it does not shrink over time. We will insulate the sash with polystyrene foam 40 mm thick and density 20. First, we insert the foam without fastening into the sash to cut all the necessary trims to size. Sheets of foam plastic are glued to the profile sheet from the inside between the side members using “liquid nails”. Next, we fasten the inner plane of the sash with a sheet of galvanized sheet using self-tapping screws and a drill.

Insulation of gate leaves with polystyrene foam

Exploitation

For ease of use of garage doors, you can install an electric drive with a control unit operating from commands coming from the remote control to the existing opening system. When purchasing a drive, make sure that it is suitable for your type of gate.

In winter, rubber seals must be periodically lubricated with silicone grease to avoid freezing of the leaf and damage to the seal when opening the gate. Also, periodically pay attention to lubricating the lever system and support rollers.

Video: homemade folding garage doors

Video: lift-and-swivel design

The overhead garage door system is easy to implement on your own, so almost any car owner with welding and metal working skills can do it, the main thing is to be more careful with the installation of such critical elements as guides. From the start of work to the complete installation of the gate, you can handle it in 2 days if you invite friends or acquaintances to help.

Homemade lifting devices are an indispensable tool for a garage where major car repairs are planned. With the help of such an auxiliary device, you can easily remove the car engine, lift the edge of the body, or even the entire car.

Easy-to-make homemade lifting mechanisms make work several times easier and faster not only in the garage, but also near the house. They are indispensable for construction and repair, moving construction waste, and unloading heavy loads.

How to make useful mechanisms and tools for construction with your own hands

It doesn’t matter whether you’re building your dream home or renovating an old country house, you can’t do without reliable tools and construction equipment. Almost any device today can be bought in a store, but purchases are not always pleasing with quality and even less often with prices. Our forum members know how to reduce the burden on the family budget and offer recipes for proven mechanisms and tools for construction, made with their own hands.

Truck...from the old four

Bring sand, crushed stone, boards, transport a concrete mixer and an old refrigerator... The need to deliver materials and tools during construction arises constantly. FORUMHOUSE member g8o8r8

found a way to save on freight transportation: he converted his old four into a truck!
Read also: DIY thermostat circuit with temperature sensor

Budget auto tuning cost the craftsman 3.5 thousand rubles - this was the cost of materials: an iron square, corners, galvanized steel for the loading body. Loading body g8o8r8

made it high to protect it from rainwater: to close the gaps between it and the car body, metal canopies were welded around the perimeter.

The rear side of the body is lifted with a 12-volt electric winch. This is convenient when unloading bulk materials and loading boards, stones, furniture, etc. into the body.

g8o8r8 (FORUMHOUSE Member):

At our metal collection point, they give five thousand rubles for any car. This inspired the idea of ​​using my decommissioned four-wheeler for household needs: bringing earth, peat, stones, sand to the dacha. And if you install a subframe, weld a blade, install chains, you’ll see that you’ll be able to throw snow in the winter.

Construction materials lift

Another useful homemade product that will make life at a construction site much easier is a building materials lift. For example, like the one from FORUMHOUSE member Ali-bastr

Having started pouring monolithic walls, the forum member got tired of manually lifting heavy buckets of concrete and made a simple but ingenious design.

The basis of the lift was a metal staircase. To securely fix the ladder on the wall, in a 15×15 Ali-bastre

I drilled holes and put a washer on the back side of the pipe, securing it with a cotter pin. The trolley on which building materials are placed moves up and down on bearings No. 304 using an electric winch. It is located almost parallel, at a slight angle to the stairs, due to which the movement occurs smoothly.

Ali-bastr (FORUMHOUSE member):

It’s not for nothing that they say: laziness is the engine of progress. My lift lifts six buckets of concrete easily!

Lift for laying aerated concrete blocks

Abroad, during the construction of private houses, cranes and various lifts are often used. This way construction goes faster, which means the “box” is cheaper, because It is more profitable to use small-scale mechanization tools than to hire laborers. Our developer relies on himself and often builds a house “with one helmet.” Therefore, the urgent question is how not to physically overstrain yourself when laying a wall from aerated concrete blocks weighing 35-40 kg.

An interesting option is the unusual homemade “assistant” of the FORUMHOUSE user with the nickname Krestik. First, let's show what he took as a basis.

German mini crane with retractable central post

A special feature of the lift is the original folding “arm-boom”, with the help of which the crane, moving on wheels, can reach two opposite walls.

I am building a house myself and, in order to be able to lay aerated concrete blocks, I built a lift according to the above model. The crane was made completely collapsible, except for the base. I didn’t measure the maximum load on the hook, but it easily lifts me (weighing 95 kg).

Technical characteristics of the lift:

• width – 2200 mm;
• height – 4200 mm;
• boom radius – 4200 mm;
• load capacity of electric hoist – up to 800 kg;
• total weight of the crane with ballast is approximately 650 kg;
• lift weight without ballast – about 300 kg;
• The maximum lifting height of the masonry block is 3500 mm.

The working height of lifting blocks is adjustable in two ranges. The first is 1750 mm. The second is 3.5 m, for which the structure is raised, sliding upward along the supporting “legs” using a hydraulic jack lined with spacers made of GB blocks.

To make the lift, the user needed:

• swivel wheels;
• profile pipes for the mast, “legs” and boom with a section of 12x12 cm, 12x6 cm, wall 6 mm;
• pipe-jibs – 63x3 mm;
• powerful gate hinges;
• The boom rotating mechanism is made of ST45 steel and “205” bearings.

During operation, the design was modified. For example, the user laid the cable for the winch in a corrugated pipe and extended the cable for the control panel.

The design has a number of shortcomings that I would like to correct. For example, I’m thinking about making wireless control, replacing the gate hinges with bearings. Increase the number of “joints” in the boom at the same reach. Instead of a temporary counterweight - bags of sand concrete, pour concrete ballast.

An important nuance: in order for the lift to move around a construction site or, for example, on a concrete slab on the second floor, you need to keep the workplace clean, because GB fragments and debris interfere with the relocation of the tap.

The design of the unusual lift attracted the interest of portal users.

With such a lift, I think, as they do in Germany, you need to make masonry from blocks larger than standard ones. The length and height are 2-3 times greater than a regular GB. The crane has enough lifting capacity, and the laying speed will increase significantly.

According to Krestik, he heard that someone on the portal had already tried to order blocks of 1x0.4x0.6 m format from a gas silicate manufacturer. But it turned out that this was not profitable for the plant, because it is necessary to reconfigure the line for the production of GB, but for the sake of a small volume (for an ordinary private house) they will not do this.

I'm wondering: is the work on site easier when using a crane? What work can be done with it and what cannot?

There is no need to install scaffolding when laying GB walls. The lift can be assembled and disassembled. I poured the concrete lintels over the windows the old fashioned way, from buckets, because... The volume is small, and it’s easier to do it with one assistant.

The overall result: the mini-crane turned out to be successful, and with some modifications to its design, the lift can be put into small-scale production.

Planer for aerated concrete

Aerated concrete is one of the most popular modern materials for the construction of stone houses. The large format of the blocks and the installation technology, which can be easily mastered, allow even novice builders to erect buildings quickly.

But despite all its advantages, aerated concrete has a significant disadvantage - the blocks do not match in size and the need to adjust them to each other. You can use a shop tool for these purposes. But our forum members suggest making a plane for aerated concrete with your own hands. For this you will need: a board 5 cm thick, 3 wood files, universal glue, a door handle.

worodew (FORUMHOUSE Member):

Cut the files in half. We cut grooves in the board to half the thickness of the blade, lubricate the grooves with glue and insert the files. Screw the handle on and you're done.

Drawing of overhead garage doors

When preparing a drawing to suit your opening dimensions, you should use ready-made solutions, slightly adjusting them to your dimensions. Here is an example of drawings for making gates:

Drawing of lifting gates

Drawing of the frame, dimensions must be set to match your gate dimensions.

Mobile foam cutting machine

And for those who insulate their house with polystyrene foam, another homemade product from the forum will come in handy - a machine for cutting polystyrene foam, which allows you to cut pieces of the required size simply and quickly, without bothering with a hacksaw and a ruler.

Our forum user Oleg Lvovich

To make a mobile machine, I used a 25x25 mm wooden strip 1.3 meters long, nichrome wire with a cross-section of 1 mm, a spring, two 20x4 mm steel strips, a 220/36V transformer and a 15-20 meter wire.

On FORUMHOUSE, a forum member shares a diagram of a homemade machine:

Unlike stationary cutting machines, this device can be freely moved around scaffolding and cut foam directly on site. At the same time, the sheet can be expanded not only in length, but also in thickness - for this, two profiles are additionally attached to the EPS with nails. According to a forum member, the cost of a mobile machine is 800-1000 rubles, and even with intensive use it will faithfully serve for several construction seasons in a row.

Other examples of machines for cutting foam plastic, including stationary ones, are in this topic.

Assembly instructions

It will take 2 days to assemble a simple or movable structure. The process of making a crane beam with your own hands:

1. The main load that the crane will move falls on the stand. To securely fix the structure, you need to make a frame. To do this, legs for the tap are welded from metal corners. The corners are welded to the pipe at an angle of 45° on both sides of the pipe.
2. To make spacers, 2 triangles are welded to each rack.
3. For a mobile structure you will need rollers. They are welded to a horizontal base, positioned on both sides of each rack. To prevent the rollers from breaking and to withstand the weight, use products that are designed for metal containers. Furniture cannot be used.
4. A pipe is installed at the top of the structure. It is designed to move the lifting mechanism.
5. The roller for moving the cable is mounted on an I-beam. The I-beam is pre-welded at the central point of the pipe.
6. To give the frame additional stability, a pipe with a square cross-section is welded to the beam element. It is placed on top of the beam so that it protrudes forward by 20 cm on both sides.
7. The transverse pipe is inserted into a pipe with a square cross-section and through holes for fastenings are drilled on both sides. Bolts are used as fasteners. The homemade frame for a U-shaped crane is ready. The pipe in the form of a crossbar is securely fixed in the upper part of the product, and the entire structure is stably placed on spacers (legs).
8. Mechanical lifting is designed to lift parts. It can be manual or automatic. A manual hoist consists of a winch and a cable. The worm winch is mounted on the side of the rack. The movement of the steel cable occurs through rollers.
9. The structure can be equipped with a lifting mechanism, which is used in elevators. This mechanism has strong rollers.
10. Connecting an electric lift drive will make repair work easier. An engine with a power of 300 to 500 W is suitable for installation. It is mounted on the base of the structure.

A crane beam equipped with an electric drive is used mainly for the reconstruction of old buildings and private wooden houses. To prevent the crane from malfunctioning, you must follow the operating rules.

Electrical engineeringedit

Once a sufficient amount of latex, red dust (), copper, iron and tin has been found, you can begin to manufacture a generator - the first source of electrical energy, as well as the first consumer of electricity - an electric furnace (), which works almost twice as fast as a conventional one. To create an electric furnace you will need copper and red dust, because you will definitely need an electrical circuit.

IndustrialCraft² recommends that mined ore be first crushed in a crusher and only then smelted. Thus, from one block of ore you get 2 ingots, instead of one. Therefore, the sooner the crusher is manufactured, the better. There is also an ore washing machine and a thermal centrifuge, which allows you to wash even more resources from crushed ore. Likewise, it is recommended not to melt latex in a furnace to make rubber, but to use an extractor, as it squeezes more rubber out of the latex. The crusher, ore washing machine and extractor are also consumers of electricity.

Miner's affairs

At the initial stage of development in this mod, when a lot of iron has been accumulated, it is worth stocking up on stone pickaxes and one iron one and going to the mine (cave or canyon). It is recommended to stay in it for an hour or two of real time, mining a pile of , various stones (stone, coal, lapis lazuli, obsidian, diamonds) and red dust, so that later, during any complex or not very difficult crafting, you do not have to run into the mine for new portions of useful resources.

Subsequently, a mining laser and a drilling rig (used for automatic extraction of resources) will be very useful in mining.

Comfortable grinder

Have you noticed that holding a small grinder by the top handle is convenient, but a large one is not? The big one always tries to escape from your hands when biting into metal. Having such a sad experience, some are generally afraid to use a large grinder. So that the grinder always remains in your hands, forum member chichic

designed a homemade handle for the instrument with a natural grip.

сhichic (FORUMHOUSE Member):

A powerful grinder can break out a cutting disc stuck in the metal, but it always remains in your hands. Proven by ten years of experience and cutting metal up to 14mm.

DIY cyclone vacuum cleaner

Dust and small debris during construction or major repairs are a real problem, which is difficult and ineffective to combat with a broom and rag. To make the cleaning process easier without spending money on expensive equipment, FORUMHOUSE member zalman3000

I quickly assembled a cyclone for a vacuum cleaner from scrap materials.

Zalman3000 (FORUMHOUSE Member):

I needed: a 20 liter plastic barrel, a 45 degree 40 mm angle, a 90 degree 32 mm angle, an oil filter from Moskvich (it fits tightly at the 32nd angle).

The simple design is attached to the vacuum cleaner, and waste is collected directly into a capacious plastic container.

You can discuss the article and read other materials on country life on the FORUMHOUSE portal.

A homemade crane for dismantling an engine, a photo of making a dismountable crane, and a video of testing a homemade product.

One day the idea arose to build a crane for dismantling a car engine, since there is not much space in the garage, which means we need to make a collapsible one!

Read also: How to tighten a bolt without a torque wrench

To build the crane I needed the following materials:

• Profile pipe 80 x 80 mm (wall 3 mm) - 7 meters.
• Pipe 89 mm - two pieces 0.7 meters long.
• Pipe 76 mm - two pieces 0.9 meters long.
• Jack - 5 t (Soviet production).
• Metal plates 8 mm thick - 4 pcs.
• Hook from towing strap.
• Wheels 2 straight, 2 swivel + 2 swivel with brake.
• Studs M 14 - 1000 mm.

Next, I suggest looking at the drawings and the process of making the crane.

Crane drawings.

Tested my crane. I suspended a moped of 120 kg, then decided to climb onto the moped myself with another +120 kg - and again it seemed too little! But it is enough to dismantle the engine. I tried and lifted the Gazelle and took a video of the crane in action.

What is required for production

For the manufacture of the sash frame, rectangular profile pipes with dimensions of 40*20 and a wall thickness of 2 mm are most suitable. For transverse and longitudinal spars we also use profile pipes, but of smaller sizes - namely 20*20*2 mm, to reduce the weight of the structure. For sewing up the front and inner sides of the sash, a profile sheet is best suited, since it is already coated with an anti-corrosion compound from the factory. You can also use galvanized sheets.

For guides, it is ideal to use a channel up to 20 cm wide. The size of the channel shelf depends on the width of the rollers used in your particular case. The box to which the lever-spring mechanism is attached in the garage doorway can be made from a 100*50 mm wooden beam. For these purposes, you can also use a metal corner with a 50 mm shelf.

Support-sliding rollers and lever-spring rollers are purchased separately at a store specializing in sliding gates.

For thermal insulation of gates, for reasons of price and quality, it is advisable to use polystyrene foam with a thickness of 40 mm and a density of 15 to 25 kg/m 3.

Hook lifting height:

From the ground with a short boom, the lowest point is 90 cm, the top 170 cm.

With a long boom - the bottom point is 80 cm, the top is 180 cm.

Long boom and unscrewed jack rod - bottom 140 cm and top 225 cm.

Throughout the long history of its existence, man has more than once been faced with the task of lifting and moving heavy objects in space. For example, the familiar Egyptian pyramids consist of massive stone blocks that no one can lift. Therefore, one of the greatest achievements of mankind is the invention of the lifting crane, which made it possible to significantly simplify the task of moving heavy loads and speed up the construction of houses and other objects.

Crane for building a house and lifting beams and logs

Before starting construction of the lift, it is necessary to sketch out drawings to calculate the amount of materials. A crane for DIY construction should be easy to move and disassemble for transportation. It should not only perform the functions of a lift, but also be as much as possible:

• light;
• durable;
• sustainable;
• collapsible.

To make it lighter, the crane frame is welded from a pipe. It can move on three or four wheels at the discretion of the designer. There must be a place for a counterweight on the back so that the crane does not lose balance and fall when lifting a load.

After making the platform on wheels, a beam is installed diagonally to the ground level and a stand under it in the form of a support welded from pipes. If desired, the height of the boom can be made retractable and with the ability to raise or lower it for ease of operation.

At the bottom of the boom, a winch (manual or electric) is installed on the body so that the cable can be easily removed from the upper roller of the boom and it serves to pull heavy logs and timber to the crane for easy lifting.

A hook is installed at the end of the cable. Additionally, a special device is made for gripping logs and beams in the form of the letter “P”. A rod is installed on top of the center of this device to engage it with a hook. A screw-shaped clamp is made on the side in the center, which will hold the building material.

When lifting a log or beam to the desired height, the crane on wheels easily rolls to the desired side, and the material is lowered into place for further installation and fastening. The lift structure must be on a flat, hard surface for easy movement.

Such lifting mechanisms help to carry out work efficiently and quickly with minimal physical exertion, which can be done by children.

Machine structure

The operating principle of a crane is based on the physics of simple mechanisms. The simplest version of the crane is a stick placed on a fulcrum in such a way that the free ends have different lengths. Now if you hang a load on a short lever, it will take less effort to lift it. The most common design is one that uses, in addition to levers, a system of blocks.

A do-it-yourself crane is an indisputable assistant in small-scale construction. When constructing a private house, the use of bulky industrial cranes is not required. The height of the houses rarely exceeds 2 floors, and the weight of the lifted load is 200 kilograms.

Crane diagram

Although there are many variations of lifting mechanisms, a classic crane consists of the following parts:

• An arrow with a block attached to its end. Depending on its length, the height to which the load can be lifted is determined.
• Platform. The boom and counterweight are attached to it. It is the main part of the crane and is subject to significant loads. Therefore, when manufacturing a platform, it is important to pay special attention to its strength.
• Counterweight. Serves for crane stability. Defines the maximum load weight that the crane can lift. Stackable counterweight options are available to provide maximum stability.
• A guy wire connecting the boom and the counterweight. Allows you to adjust the tilt of the boom and move the load in both vertical and horizontal planes.
• Winch with cable. It is the lifting mechanism itself. The power of the winch determines how much weight the crane can lift.
• Stand with a rotating mechanism. It is necessary to turn the crane to the sides.
• The support cross, which is the base of the crane. Sets the stability of the entire structure. When manufacturing it, you should also pay attention to its strength.

Types of homemade lifting mechanisms for the garage

For a one-car garage, car enthusiasts have come up with many different lifting devices. These are blocks, jacks, hoists, hoists and others.

The jack is the most popular device. Such small equipment must be kept in the trunk so that it is possible to lift the car when changing a wheel. Large jacks can be kept in the garage for serious work.

One unit suspended from a garage ceiling beam can halve the force required to lift a specific load. The combination of such mechanisms reduces the required force exponentially with the number of blocks involved. For example, using four blocks suspended from the garage ceiling, you can lift the entire car by the four corners.

The hoist is a structurally designed set of blocks. A hoist is a combination of a hoist and a trolley that moves along a ceiling beam above the machine. The telpher can be equipped with two electric motors: one is designed to move the trolley, the other is designed to rotate the drum with the cable. The result is a miniature crane.

Other designs are based on the principles of converting the horizontal movement of the rod into the vertical movement of the platform with the machine.

terms of Use

To operate lifting mechanisms safely, certain rules must be followed.

Homemade Pioneer crane

These rules apply to any lifting device:

• The load capacity must not be exceeded. A load that is too heavy may damage the device.
• The base must be stable. Homemade lifting devices should be located on a previously prepared hard horizontal surface.
• In bad weather conditions, you should also refrain from working with the crane. Strong winds will throw the crane off balance, and poor visibility may make it difficult to see people under the boom.
• Before operating a crane or lifting device, it is necessary to conduct an external inspection to identify any malfunctions. If malfunctions are detected, operation of the crane is prohibited.
• It should be remembered that when working with the lift, you should not make sudden movements. The load must be lifted smoothly. And most importantly, do not stand under any lifted load.

Types of manual taps

All construction cranes are classified into:

• self-propelled;
• stationary;
• tower;
• special purpose.

This equipment is equipped with a boom extension mechanism, a cargo trolley, and a rotating support.

By type of movement they are divided into:

• stationary;
• adjustable;
• self-elevating;
• mobile.

According to the type of control, these devices are electrically driven and manual (mechanical).

This is interesting: The principle of operation and the difference between a crane beam and a hoist - let’s introduce the issue

What characteristics should a garage lift have?

In garage conditions, two types of lifting mechanisms are used. The first type includes a lift that can lift the entire car, and the second type includes a goose-type lift that allows you to move loads around the garage.

Lifts of the first type are stationary devices and the main requirement for them is stability. The car weighs more than a ton and should not have the slightest chance of falling. In order to prevent any accidents, the garage lift must have a reliable stopper.

Homemade goose tap

The goose type lifts are most often used in auto repair shops. It is quite simple to make it from a profile pipe or channel. First, the base is welded on which the rotating mechanism needs to be installed. It is best to make an arrow with an adjustable reach. This will make it possible to move weights in any direction.

Read also: Drawings of rollers for a pipe bender

What types of lifts are there?

Lifts come in various designs, differing in the method of lifting the car and the type of drive. For vehicle repairs, three types of drives are mainly used:

• chain mechanisms;
• screw;
• hydraulic systems.

The method of lifting the car plays an important role in the design; a garage lift can be a fork, scissor, or platform design. The most popular are fork screw units, the basis of which is a long threaded shaft made of tool steel. The parts of the unit are able to withstand the load of an average car; it is almost impossible to make the mechanism with your own hands, due to the complex design of the forks.

Types of lifts for car repairs

The easiest way to make a platform lift with your own hands is using a screw mechanism.

Parallel beams attached to the mechanism are capable of lifting a car weighing up to 3 tons.

How a simple block design works

The pulley system or pulley system has been known to mankind since ancient times. The classic system design consists of pulleys and cable. One pulley is called a block. Depending on the method of fastening, the pulley can be movable or fixed:

• Fixed block. It is attached to the support and plays the role of changing the direction of movement of the rope. Does not provide any gain in strength.
• Movable block. It is located on the side of the load and gives a gain in strength.

The principle of operation of a pulley block is similar to the principle of operation of a lever in the physics of simple mechanisms. The role of the lever in this case is played by the cable itself. In the case of a simple block of two pulleys, the movable pulley divides the rope into 2 parts and in order to lift the load the same distance, a rope twice as long will be required. The work of lifting the load is performed in the same volume. And the effort, due to the fact that the length of the rope has become twice as long, becomes half as much.

If there are more than 2 pulleys in the system, the gain in strength is approximately equal to the number of blocks. In the case of 3 blocks, the effort will be 3 times less, and 4 blocks will require only a quarter of the original effort.

Hydraulic garage crane drive

There are several types of hydraulic drive:

• with hydraulic cylinders;
• with hydraulic cylinders and manual winches.

When the operator increases the pressure level in the cylindrical block, the oil fluid acts on the piston part, pushing out the telescopic rod, at which time the boom equipment rises.

Based on the nature of the movement of the output link of the hydraulic power unit, the following types of drives are distinguished:

1. Rotational movement. The design of such a mechanism includes a hydraulic motor equipped with a driven link with unlimited rotational movement.
2. Forward movement. In this case, a hydraulic cylinder is used with a reciprocating movement of a driven type link (piston rod, plunger).
3. Rotary movement. The crane mechanism is equipped with a rotary hydraulic motor, the driven link of which makes a reciprocating movement at an angle of less than 270°.
4. Adjustable. In this case, the speed of the output type link can be adjusted by changing the crankshaft speed of the power unit, which activates the high pressure pump.
5. With a closed circuit of working fluid circulation. This means that the fuel is returned to the suction hydraulic line of the pump mechanism. This drive is lightweight and provides high rotor speeds without the risk of air getting into the system.

Complex block system how to calculate power gain

If the system is designed in such a way that one simple pulley pulls another simple pulley, then this is already a complex system of blocks. To theoretically calculate the gain in strength, it is necessary to conditionally divide a complex chain hoist into simple ones and multiply the values ​​of the gain from simple chain hoists.

For example, if the system consists of 4 blocks, and the first conditional simple pulley has a gain of 3. It pulls the second simple two-block pulley, also with a gain of 3. The total force that will need to be applied will be 9 times less. It is the 4-block complex chain hoist that is most often used by rescuers.

Methods for attaching a rope to a lifting mechanism

When creating complex pulley blocks, there are often situations when a cable of the required length for attaching the moving block is not at hand.

Crane for gas blocks

Methods for attaching a cable using general-purpose rigging:

• Using a cord. Using a self-tightening knot, the cord is tied to the main cable. As the load is lifted, the grappling knot moves along the main rope, thereby allowing the height of the load to be increased.
• Using clamps. In the case of using a steel cable, it is not possible to use a cord, so it is necessary to use special clamps.

Design and operating diagram of folding garage doors

The lifting (panel) gate system is a fairly simple mechanical device. The main and load-bearing elements are the frame, guides and a lever-spring mechanism that moves the sash. The mechanism can be controlled either manually or using an electric drive controlled by a remote control (remote control). When opening the gate, levers are used that are attached to the bottom of the sash, and two guides for the movement of rollers, fixed at the top at the ends of the sash. Opening is carried out by lifting the lower part of the door by the handle and is done quite easily, since the stretched springs of the lever mechanism help in opening the gate.

Scheme of operation of the lifting mechanism

There are two types of lifting gate mechanisms:

1. Lever-spring is a fairly simple and reliable mechanism that is popular among garage owners. Installation features: precise adjustment of tension springs and high quality and precision installation of roller guides.
2. With counterweights - used mainly on gates with a large leaf weight. The cable is attached to the lower corners of the sash and passes through the block to a counterweight mounted on the other edge of the winch.

We create a simple lifting mechanism with our own hands

Construction of a crane is not a quick task and is justified if it is required frequently or the volume of work is large enough. In cases where the load needs to be lifted urgently or this is a one-time operation, you can use improvised means.

To create a simple lifting device you will need a cord and two blocks. One block and the end of the rope are fixed motionless on the support. This will be the highest point to which the load can be lifted. We attach the second block to the load using slings or a hook. We first pull the rope along the block attached to the load, then pass it through the upper block. The gain in power will be 2 times. Using your own weight, you can easily lift a load weighing 100 kilograms to the required height.

DIY mini crane

If you add the ability to move the upper block along a guide, for example along a rail, you can get a do-it-yourself jib crane. It is useful in garage conditions for moving heavy machine parts.

It should be remembered that when working with the lift, you should not make sudden movements. The load must be lifted smoothly. And most importantly, do not stand under any lifted load. The same rule applies to a crane - standing under the arrow is prohibited.

Inexpensive mini lift

Practice shows that when building a private house, a real crane is not always needed. Often, a developer can get by with “little expense” and make a small lift based on an electrically driven hoist.

Gexx FORUMHOUSE Member

My design is simpler than the authors above, but it suits me quite well. I bought a hoist with a load capacity of 300 kg without a block and 600 kg with a block. Tests have shown that the device can lift a load weighing 250-270 kg, then the engine protection is triggered. During the construction season, I used it to lift about 40 pallets with building blocks, a 6-meter beam for the mauerlat, rafters, mortar for masonry and concrete for the reinforced belt.

The lift, again to save money, is made from used pipes, angles and channels.

All rust was cleaned off with a grinder, and the pipes were sprayed and then painted with paint with a rust reducer.

In order to be able to assemble the lift on the ceiling of the second floor, all components (where welding is not needed) are made dismountable - with bolted connections.

A hoist is installed on the stand using clamps.

In case of rain, a plastic bottle with the bottom cut off is placed on the control panel.

The telpher covers a canopy made of used roofing iron.

When lifting a pallet, two boards are placed under it, and the pallet is lowered onto them.

The entire structure is fixed to the floor with clamps.

Drawing with dimensions of the lift.

As a result, the user has a universal, self-manufacturing and budget “helper” that greatly simplifies the work of building a house.

These are topics that describe in detail how to make a lift for aerated concrete, and provide dozens of options for mini-cranes, from simple to the most complex designs.

Production of jib cranes of general industrial, fireproof and explosion-proof design. The lifting capacity of stationary electric and manual jib cranes is up to 5 tons, boom radius is up to 7 m (possibly more on special order). The lifting capacity of wall-mounted manual console cranes is up to 3.2 tons, boom radius is up to 7 m.

Creating a dimensional drawing of an electric cantilever crane is one of the most important stages of its production. Drawings allow us to take into account most of the nuances associated with the crane design, installation and further work already at the design stage. The drawing clearly demonstrates such parameters of the crane as the method of its installation, the maximum and minimum reach of the crane boom, its lifting capacity, the maximum lifting height of loads, the height of the device itself, its weight, all static loads on the structure, the dimensions of the fastenings and the angle of its rotation.

Next on the page is a drawing of a typical cantilever slewing crane. If you need to upgrade a slewing jib crane or install additional options on it, our company’s specialists can quickly provide you with dimensional drawings, taking into account all the improvements.

Materials and tools

The most important thing when making a crane is to use high-quality tools and materials. This will guarantee that the structure will be strong and safe.

The cable should have minimal stretch; this will give a greater gain in strength when using a pulley system. The fittings used for tying must be taken only from metal. Plastic fittings cannot withstand heavy loads and break at the wrong time. To fasten individual parts of a homemade crane, you should choose high-strength hardware products.

If a winch is intended to be used, its lifting capacity should not be less than 500 kilograms. The best choice would be winches that can lift a load weighing 1 ton or more.

In conclusion, I would like to once again remind you of the need to observe safety precautions when working with lifting mechanisms. Also, regardless of whether the crane is purchased or made by yourself, you should inspect it before starting work.

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Advantages and disadvantages of a lifting structure

The lifting structure perfectly fulfills its function and has a number of undeniable advantages over other types of garage doors, but at the same time it is not without its disadvantages.

Advantages:

• No additional opening space required. The unused space under the ceiling is used.
• The one-piece design of the canvas provides reliable protection against penetration.
• Any external finishing and decoration can be used.
• The door leaf can be additionally insulated with expanded polystyrene.
• It is possible to supply equipment for automatic opening.
• Can be used in both single and double garages.

The disadvantages are primarily due to the design features of the lifting mechanism and the inability to do it any other way.

Flaws:

• Installation is only possible in rectangular openings.
• When damaged, a solid canvas must be replaced, as it does not involve partial repair.
• When the gate is open, the height of the opening decreases.
• The gate mechanism is designed for a certain load and this should be taken into account when insulating.
• Some difficulty in installation.