GOST 4543-2016 metal products from structural alloy steel. technical specifications

Table 9

Notes:

1. In rolled products made of high-quality steel grades 30KhGSA, 35KhGSA, 25KhGSA and 20KhGSA, a segregation square of no more than a point of 3 is allowed; in rolled products made of high-quality steel grades 38Kh2MYuA - marginal and general spotty segregation of no more than a point of 2.

2. In rolled products made from especially high-quality steel, layer-by-layer crystallization and a light contour of no more than point 3 are allowed.

3. In rolled products intended for cold mechanical processing, subcortical bubbles are allowed to a depth of no more than half the tolerance for diameter or thickness.

4. In rolled steel grades 12Х2Н4МА and 25Х2Н4МА with a size of more than 160 mm, the permissible degree of development of intergranular cracks is established by agreement between the manufacturer and the consumer.

5. It is allowed to check the macrostructure of rolled products using ultrasonic testing (UT).

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 2, 4, 5).

2.18. At the consumer's request, rental products are supplied by:

a) with narrowed ones in comparison with those indicated in the table. 1 limits of mass fractions of carbon and alloying elements, according to orders of the enterprises of the Ministry of Avtoselkhozmash, without taking into account the permissible deviations for carbon provided for in Table. 3;

b) with a mass fraction of sulfur and phosphorus of no more than 0.025% each in high-quality steel. In this case, the letter A is added to the brand designation at the end;

c) with a mass fraction of sulfur of no more than 0.015% in high-quality steel and no more than 0.012% in especially high-quality steel;

d) with a mass fraction of phosphorus of no more than 0.020% in high-quality steel and no more than 0.012% in especially high-quality steel;

e) with a lower mass fraction of sulfur limited to no less than 0.020% in high-quality steel;

e) with a mass fraction of copper not exceeding 0.20% in steel intended for hot forming;

g) in etched form;

h) with standardized purity for non-metallic inclusions;

i) with the determination of mechanical properties in rolled products with a size of more than 80 mm on transverse samples;

j) with normalized hardness not provided for in the table. 4, in the delivered condition, as well as with a hardness lower than that indicated in the table. 4;

l) with determination of impact strength at normal temperature on samples of type 11 according to GOST 9454 for steel groups not provided for in clause 2.9;

m) with determination of impact strength at a temperature of minus 60 °C and determination of the proportion of the viscous component in the fracture of type 1 samples according to GOST 9454 (for rolled products intended for machines and mechanisms of northern design);

m) with standardized steel purity based on hairs detected on the surface of parts by magnetic method or etching. The contamination of steel should not exceed the standards specified in table. 10;

o) with a normalized austenitic grain size, which should not be larger than number 5, the size of the austenitic grain for steel grade 38Х2МУА (38ХМУА) should be no larger than number 4. The presence of grains of number 3 is allowed, occupying an area on the thin section of less than 10%;

n) with machinability control;

p) with normalized hardenability for rolled steel grades not included in clause 2.10;

Table 10

Notes:

1. For every subsequent 200 cm2 of the controlled surface of finished parts, the area of ​​which exceeds 1000 cm2, no more than one additional hairline is allowed, the length not exceeding that specified for an area of ​​1000 cm2 with a corresponding increase in the total length of the hairlines.

2. On parts with a surface area of ​​over 200 cm2, no more than five hairlines are allowed on surface areas of 10 cm2 for high-quality and high-quality steel and no more than three hairlines for especially high-quality steel.

c) with control of the macrostructure by etching and fracture simultaneously;

t) with control for slate in the fracture;

y) with control of banding and ferrite-pearlite structure and Widmanstedt structure;

f) in improved condition (hardening + tempering);

c) with standardization of the mass fraction of nitrogen in steel smelted in electric furnaces;

w) with determination of the mass fraction of residual tungsten, vanadium, titanium, molybdenum on each melt.

Note. Norms for subparagraphs a

,
s
,
i
,
k
,
l
,
m
,
r
,
s
,
y
,
f
,
c
, methods for monitoring the purity of steel by hair fibers (listing
n
);
control of workability (listing n
), slate in fracture (listing
t
), banding and Widmanstedt structure (listing
y
), unless they are specified by special standards for rolled metal, are established by agreement between the manufacturer and the consumer or are drawn up with appropriate technical documentation approved in the prescribed manner.

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 1, 2, 5).

REFERENCE REGULATIVE AND TECHNICAL DOCUMENTS

APPENDIX 2

PARAMETERS OF BRANDED AND NARROWED STRIPES
(limits of fluctuations in the hardness of the NCL along the length of the end sample)

Continuation

Continuation

Continuation

Continuation

ACCEPTANCE RULES

GOST 4543-71 rolled alloy structural steel. technical specifications (as amended n 1, 2, 3, 4, 5)

3.1. Rolled products are accepted in batches consisting of steel of one heat, one size and one heat treatment mode (when manufactured in a heat-treated state).

By agreement between the manufacturer and the consumer, batches are formed from steel of the same grade of several heats of the same size.

Each batch is accompanied by a quality document in accordance with GOST 7566.

When deoxidizing agents other than silicon are used for semi-quenched steel, a corresponding indication is made in the quality document.

For rentals accepted with characteristics established by the consumer in accordance with paragraphs. 2.2 and 2.3, the quality document indicates the test results for the ordered indicators.

3.2. The rolled products are subjected to acceptance tests.

3.3. To check the quality, the following are selected from a batch of rolled products:

1) for chemical analysis - samples in accordance with GOST 7565. The manufacturer carries out periodic monitoring of residual copper, nickel, chromium, arsenic and nitrogen at least once a quarter. When producing steel, taking into account the manganese equivalent, control of residual copper, nickel and chromium is carried out at each heat;

2) to control surface quality and dimensions - all rods, strips and coils;

3) to control the macrostructure by fracture or etching, to test for impact bending, to determine the depth of the decarburized layer - two rods, strips or coils;

4) to test hardness - 2% of rods, strips or coils, but not less than 3 pieces;

5) for tensile testing - one rod, strip or coil for control in a normalized state, two rods, two strips or two coils for control in a cold-worked, annealed, high-tempered or tempered state;

6) to determine hardenability - one rod, strip or coil from a melting ladle of steel of all grades that do not contain boron, and two rods, two strips or two coils from a melting ladle of steel grades containing boron;

7) to determine the grain size - one rod, strip or coil from a melting ladle;

for slump testing - three rods, strips or coils;

9) to determine hardness after hardening - two longitudinal samples from melting.

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 1).

3.4. If unsatisfactory test results are obtained for at least one of the indicators, repeated tests are carried out in accordance with GOST 7566.

The results of repeated tests are applied to the entire batch.

TEST METHODS

4.1. Chemical analysis of steel is carried out according to GOST 28473, GOST 12344 - GOST 12357, GOST 12359, GOST 12360, GOST 18895 or other methods that are not inferior in accuracy to standard ones. In case of disagreement, chemical analysis is carried out using standard methods.

4.2. The geometric dimensions and shape of rolled products are determined using measuring instruments in accordance with GOST 26877, GOST 162, GOST 166, GOST 2216, GOST 427, GOST 3749, GOST 5378, GOST 6507, GOST 7502, as well as tools or templates certified in accordance with GOST 8.001* or GOST 8.326*.

________

* PR 50.2.009-94 applies on the territory of the Russian Federation.

4.3. The quality of the surface is checked without the use of magnifying devices. If necessary, the surface is brightened or etched, and for rolled products with a special surface finish with a diameter of up to 3 mm inclusive, inspection is carried out at a magnification of up to 10x. The depth of defects on the surface of the rolled product is determined by control cleaning or filing.

4.4a. From each rod, strip or coil selected for inspection, the following is taken:

for tensile testing (yield strength, tensile strength, relative elongation, relative contraction), slump, determination of the depth of the decarbonized layer, grain size and hardenability - one sample;

for impact bending testing - one sample of each type;

to control the macrostructure - one template.

Sampling from coils for all types of tests is carried out at a distance of at least 1.5 turns from the end of the roll.

4.4. Inspection of the macrostructure of rolled products by etching or by fracture is carried out according to GOST 10243, and by ultrasound - according to the method of the supplier.

4.1 - 4.3, 4.4a, 4.4. (Changed edition, Amendment No. 5).

4.5. Sampling for mechanical tests is carried out according to GOST 7564 (option 1).

4.6. The hot upset test is carried out according to GOST 8817. The samples are heated to a temperature of 1150 - 1250 ° C and upset by 65% ​​(up to 1/3) relative to the original height.

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 5).

4.7. Tensile testing (yield strength, tensile strength, relative elongation, relative contraction) is carried out according to GOST 1497 on round samples of five times the length with a diameter of 5 or 10 mm. It is allowed to carry out tests on full-scale samples with a cross-section less than that indicated in the table. 6.

The impact strength test at normal temperature is carried out on samples of type 1 and type 11 in accordance with GOST 9454, at a temperature of minus 60 °C - on samples of type 1 in accordance with GOST 9454. It is allowed to test the impact strength on samples of type 3 with a rolled product thickness of less than 10 mm . The results of tests of rolled products made of chromium-nickel-molybdenum and chromium-nickel-molybdenum-vanadium steel for impact strength on samples of type 11 according to GOST 9454 are entered into the quality document.

The percentage of the viscous component in the fracture of the samples is determined according to the method given in Appendix 3.

It is allowed to use non-destructive testing methods according to the agreed methodology.

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 1, 2, 4, 5).

4.8. The depth of the decarburized layer is determined by method M according to GOST 1763. By agreement between the manufacturer and the consumer, it is allowed to determine the degree of decarburization of calibrated steel by method T according to GOST 1763.

4.9. Determination of grain size is carried out according to GOST 5639. Testing for grain size of steel of cemented grades is carried out by the cementation method, improved - by the oxidation method, steel grade 38Х2МУА - by the etching method.

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 5).

4.10. Hardenability is determined by the end hardening method according to GOST 5657.

4.11. Determination of Brinell hardness is carried out according to GOST 9012. The number of prints is at least three.

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 4).

4.12. Non-metallic inclusions are determined according to GOST 1778.

4.13. For rolled products that have been tested for macrostructure, hardenability, and mechanical properties on large rolled sections, it is allowed to extend the test results to batches of rolled products of smaller profiles.

4.14. If flakes are detected in at least one rod, strip or coil, the entire metal of this batch will not be accepted.

4.13, 4.14. (Changed edition, Amendment No. 2).

4.15. (Deleted, Amendment No. 2).

4.16. When the manufacturer uses statistical methods for monitoring hardness and mechanical properties in accordance with regulatory and technical documentation approved in the established manner, the manufacturer may not carry out the control of hardness and mechanical properties provided for by this standard. The manufacturer guarantees compliance of the produced rolled products with the requirements of this standard. In arbitration cases and during periodic inspections of the quality of rolled products, the control methods provided for by this standard are applied.

(Introduced additionally, Amendment No. 4).

TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE

5.1. Transportation and storage - in accordance with GOST 7566 with the following addition.

5.1.1. Products are transported by all types of transport in accordance with the rules for the transportation of goods in force for this type of transport. By rail, transportation is carried out depending on the weight and overall dimensions in covered or open cars. The weight of the cargo package should not exceed 10,000 kg for mechanized loading in open vehicles, and 1,250 kg in covered vehicles. Packaging, means and methods for forming packages - in accordance with GOST 7566.

When sending two or more packages, the dimensions of which make it possible to arrange a transport package with overall dimensions in accordance with GOST 24597, the packages must be formed into transport packages. Fastening means - according to GOST 21650.

Basic properties

Steel 10 (GOST determines the concentration of all chemical elements and the presence of certain characteristics) belongs to the group of structural carbon metals.

The wide range of applications of the material is associated with special performance characteristics:

1. Good ductility, which allows them to be used for the production of stamped parts. To produce large quantities of products, cold stamping technology is often used.
2. Good degree of weldability of the material. The use of a welding machine does not require preheating the workpiece. The welding process can be carried out using various technologies. The resulting seam is characterized by excellent strength and reliability; no additional heat treatment is required.
3. The structure is characterized by good corrosion resistance. It is worth considering that this steel does not belong to the group of stainless steels, since the composition does not include a large amount of chromium or other alloying elements. Resistance to moisture significantly expands the range of application of the material, however, the surface may react to the effects of certain acids and other chemical elements.
4. Low heat resistance should also be taken into account. That is why St10, the characteristics of which determine its widespread use in the engineering field, cannot be used in the manufacture of parts that are subject to active wear. Excessive heat may cause significant deterioration in performance. For example, heating at the moment of friction causes a decrease in wear resistance, as well as surface hardness.
5. It is possible to carry out cutting processing. This property is also indicated in GOST 1050-88. Workpieces made from the steel in question are easy to process on machines and hand tools.
6. A high endurance limit determines the use of the material in the manufacture of critical parts that are designed for long-term operation.
7. Hardenability also allows you to significantly expand the scope of application of manufactured parts.

Mechanical properties of steel 10

To improve the basic qualities, heat treatment of steel 10 is carried out. It can significantly increase the surface hardness. The heat treatment process can cause the structure to become brittle. That is why the next step is to release it to reduce internal stress. Cooling of the workpiece is carried out in the open air or in water and oil. Recently, oil has been most often used, since uniform cooling reduces the likelihood of serious defects in the form of scale and structural cracks.

STRUCTURAL STEEL GOST

1050-88

General technical conditions

Carbon structural quality steel gauged bars with special surface finish. General specifications

MKC 77.140.60

OKP 09 5000, 11 4100, 11 5000

Date of introduction 01/01/91

This standard establishes general technical conditions for hot-rolled and forged long products from high-quality carbon structural steel grades 08, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 58 (55pp) and 60 in diameter or thickness up to 250 mm, as well as rolled products calibrated and with special surface finishing of all brands.

In terms of chemical composition standards, the standard applies to other types of rolled products, ingots, forgings, stampings made from steel grades listed above, as well as steel grades 05kp, 08kp, 08ps, Yukp, Yups, 11kp, 15kp, 15ps, 18kp, 20kp and 20ps .

CLASSIFICATION

1.1. Depending on the chemical composition and properties, structural steel is divided into categories:

quality;

high quality - A;

especially high quality - Sh.

Notes:

1. Particularly high-quality steel includes electroslag remelted steel.

2. (Deleted, Amendment No. 2).

1.2. Depending on the main alloying elements, steel is divided into groups: chromium, manganese, chromium-manganese, chromium-silicon, chromium-molybdenum and chromium-molybdenum-vanadium, chromium-vanadium, nickel-molybdenum, chromium-nickel and chromium-nickel with boron, chromium-silicon-manganese and chromium-silicon-manganese-nickel, chromium-manganese-nickel and chromium-manganese-nickel with titanium and boron, chromium-nickel-molybdenum, chromium-nickel-molybdenum-vanadium and chromium-nickel-vanadium , chrome-aluminum and chrome-aluminum with molybdenum, chrome-manganese-nickel with molybdenum and titanium.

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 4).

1.3. By type of processing, rolled products are divided into:

hot-rolled and forged (including with a turned or peeled surface);

calibrated;

with special surface finishing.

1.4. Depending on the quality of the surface, hot-rolled and forged steel is produced in groups: 1, 2, 3.

1.5. Depending on the condition of the material, rolled products are produced:

without heat treatment;

heat treated - TO;

cold-worked - N (for rolled products calibrated and with special surface finishing).

1.3 — 1.5 (Changed edition, Amendment No. 5)

.

Offers from neighboring regions

Rolled products calibrated GOST 4543-71 from alloy structural steel 40Х

Rolled products calibrated GOST 4543-71 st.
40X alloy structural steel is used as cold-drawn steel: in mechanical engineering, in agriculture, in construction. Calibrated rolled steel
40X is produced by cold rolling or drawing from hot-rolled steel (roll). Unlike long hot-rolled steel, calibrated steel has more accurate cross-sectional dimensions and metal surface quality. These qualities allow it to be used for processing on high-performance automatic lathes, as well as for cold stamping on cold heading equipment. High precision and surface quality of calibrated rolled products make it possible to significantly reduce metal consumption during its further processing. Chemical composition of calibrated steel GOST 4543.

Mechanical properties of calibrated rolled alloy steel

Note: the mechanical properties of cold-drawn steel are determined on longitudinal heat-treated samples.
Hardness of calibrated heat-treated rolled products

For cold-worked steel, the hardness should be no more than 269 HB, with the exception of the steel grades listed in the table.

St.40X is used in mechanical engineering for the manufacture of high-strength parts.

Calibrated rolled products of grade 35KhGSA are manufactured with diameters of 25.0; 32.0, grade 40X - 23.0-40.0 mm in rods. Brinell hardness (HB) is greater than or equal to 217 units. for steel grade 40X and greater than or equal to 214 units. for steel 35KhGSA.

Calibrated rolled products (circle, hexagon) st. 15X - Piston pins, camshafts, pushers, cardan crosspieces, valves, small parts operating under conditions of wear due to friction. Well cemented. Calibrated rolled products (circle, hexagon) st. 20Х — Cam couplings, bushings, spindles, guide bars, plungers, mandrels, copiers, splined rollers, etc. Calibrated rolled products (circle, hexagon) st. 40X - For parts operating at medium speeds and medium pressures (gears, spindles and shafts in rolling bearings, worm shafts).

Calibrated rolled products (circle, hexagon) st. 45Х - 50Х - For large parts operating at medium speeds at low pressures (gears, spindles, shafts in rolling bearings, worm and spline shafts). They have high strength and toughness.

Cold-drawn steels have a high yield strength, low sensitivity to stress concentrators, and in products operating under repeated application of loads, a high endurance limit and a sufficient reserve of viscosity. In addition, the steels being improved have good hardenability and low sensitivity to temper brittleness. When fully hardenable, steel has better mechanical properties, especially resistance to brittle fracture - a low threshold of cold brittleness, a high value of the work of crack propagation KST and fracture toughness K1c.

How to buy rolled calibrated st. 40Х GOST 4543-71 at low prices:

• fill out the simple “Place an order” form at the top of the page;
• call on the phone +7;
• send your application by email;

Delivery within the Russian Federation: Moscow, St. Petersburg, Arkhangelsk, Astrakhan, Barnaul, Belgorod, Bryansk, Vladimir, Volgograd, Vologda, Voronezh, Yekaterinburg, Ivanovo, Izhevsk, Yoshkar-Ola, Kazan, Kaluga, Kirov, Kostroma, Krasnodar, Kurgan, Kursk, Lipetsk, Omsk, Orenburg, Penza, Perm, Pskov, Rostov-on-Don, Ryazan, Samara, Saransk, Saratov, Sevastopol, Simferopol, Smolensk, Stavropol, Tambov, Tver, Tomsk, Tula, Tyumen, Ulyanovsk, Ufa, Chelyabinsk, Yaroslavl, etc.

The information presented on this website contains a catalog of reference information on more than 3,000 types of metal products, is for informational purposes only, and can be used in various areas of enterprise activity.

Domestic and foreign analogues

More detailed information:

Chemical composition

Steel grade 08PS is classified as structural carbon steel. The chemical composition is regulated by GOST 1050 - 88. It determines the mass fraction of the elements that make up the 08PS alloy, the data is given below:

• carbon from 0.05 to 0.11%;
• silicon from 0.05 to 0.17%;
• manganese from 0.35 to 0.65%;
• chromium no more than 0.10%.

Decoding

The name of steel 08PS is deciphered as follows:

• 08 amount of carbon;
• ps is an indicator of steel deoxidation, in this case it is semi-quiet.

There are three types of deoxidation, that is, removal of oxygen. Semi-quiet steel occupies an intermediate position between boiling and calm steel, while it contains all the positive properties of materials subjected to deoxidation by other means.

Properties

In general, this material shows good strength characteristics and hardness parameters. The positive features of 08PS include the fact that it is completely calm under the influence of various loads. If it does not exceed certain limits, then the product retains its original shape. But it should be noted that it may be deformed for some time with subsequent restoration. During the recovery period, the product will be in a tense state.

When choosing this material, it is necessary to remember that any material has a yield point, overcoming which the steel comes out of elastic deformation and begins to collapse.

Grade 8PS has good weldability. For welding operations, any existing technologies can be used. But we must take into account that after heat treatment, parts made from this alloy cannot be used for welded structures.

Analogs

When choosing 8PS steel for the manufacture of structures, the designer must remember that it can always be replaced with its closest analogue - grade 08. There are also foreign analogues:

• USA - A620;
• Germany - DC01;
• China - 08F.

When choosing imported materials as a substitute, you must remember that the delivery package must also include appropriate certificates confirming the quality of the material and its compliance with GOST.

This is interesting: Alloy D16T - composition, properties, scope, analogues

2.3.13—2.3.17. (Introduced additionally).

2.4. It is allowed in the technical specifications for specific products to provide for additional or increased characteristics not provided for by this standard.

A list of additional characteristics is given in Appendix 5.

2.5. Marking and packaging of rolled products - in accordance with GOST 7566.

2.5.1. Packaging of calibrated rolled products is in accordance with GOST 1051, with special surface finishing - in accordance with GOST 14955.

2.5.2. The marking is applied directly to the product if the product is not subject to packaging, and on the label if the product is packaged in bundles, skeins and coils.

2a. ASSORTMENT

2a.1. The range of rolled products must comply with the requirements of GOST 2591, GOST 2590, GOST 2879, GOST 103, GOST 1133, GOST 7417, GOST 8559, GOST 8560, GOST 14955 and other regulatory and technical documentation.

Examples of symbols

Hot-rolled, square, with a square side of 46 mm, normal rolling accuracy B according to GOST 2591, made of steel grade 18ХГТ, surface quality group 2, heat-treated:

The same, round, 80 mm in diameter, normal rolling accuracy B according to GOST 2590, made of steel grade 18Х2Н4МА, surface quality group 1, mechanical properties option 2, heat-treated TO:

The same strip, 20 mm thick, 75 mm wide according to GOST 103, made of steel grade 25KhGT, surface quality group 3, mechanical properties option 1, without heat treatment:

Calibrated rolled products, round, 15 mm in diameter, with maximum deviations according to h11 in accordance with GOST 7417, made of steel grade 40ХН2МА, surface quality group B in accordance with GOST 1051, with control of mechanical properties M, cold-worked N:

Rolled products with special surface finishing, round, diameter 8.5 mm, with maximum deviations according to h9 and surface quality of group B according to GOST 14955, made of steel grade 12ХН3А, with normalized hardenability P, heat-treated TO:

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 5).

Heat treatment of steel 08PS

Heat treatment allows you to improve the quality characteristics of the metal without introducing additional chemical elements into its composition. It helps save not only money, but also time. Typically, heat treatment is used to strengthen the alloy, and also before using the metal in load-bearing structures.

Hardening. Allows the material to acquire the necessary hardness. The alloy can be cooled in water, oil, or air.

Vacation. Helps reduce internal stress in the metal structure, thereby extending the service life of a pipe, part or other product. After tempering, the alloy acquires greater hardness and strength.

Annealing. It is used to give the material a uniform structure and also helps to get rid of unwanted plasticity.