How to make reverse on a drill with your own hands

One of the main homemade tools is an electric drill, and the speed of work and quality depend on its design and convenience. I have a Soviet-made electric drill, which has served faithfully for many years. The metal gearbox housing and bearings in the gearbox made it almost indestructible! My friends who use modern foreign-made drills have already replaced several of them during this time.

But! It has a small drawback: it does not have a reverse, which is very necessary for some work, especially when cutting threads with machine taps. Several years ago, I decided to rid it of this drawback and I managed to solve this problem much better than is implemented in factory-made drills in which the reverse switch is located above the start button.

I installed a button for switching to reverse mode on the back of the electric drill. If you compare it with a pistol, it is located approximately in the trigger area. This button is a double micro-switch with changeover contacts. The switch has high reliability, small dimensions and long service life. Such devices had two versions, in the form of a button and in the form of a toggle switch with switching contacts, and were installed in military equipment, as well as in professional measuring equipment for industrial use.

Why did I put a button and not a toggle switch? Because it seemed to me that it would be much more convenient to work this way, because you have to turn on the reverse mode for a short time and press the soft button with your thumb, much easier than pulling the switch lever. Subsequently, this option fully justified itself. But you can also install a toggle switch - a matter of taste.

Motor reverse circuit

To reverse a commutator motor, it is necessary to mechanically swap the ends of the stator winding of the motor; for this you need a switch with two groups of switching contacts. When the reverse button is pressed, the brushes are connected to opposite stator windings. Naturally, the reverse button must be pressed only after the engine has completely stopped, otherwise you will break the gearbox.

How to reverse a power tool

An electric drill is an irreplaceable thing that almost every man has. People who regularly use this tool periodically encounter it breaking down.

If it is not possible to take the device to a workshop, you will have to do the repairs yourself. In this case, you need to familiarize yourself with what the electric drill circuit looks like and understand the repair tips.

An electric drill is a device that is found in almost every home.

Possible tool malfunctions

First, you need to familiarize yourself with the main types of electric drill faults. They can be:

Electric. Most often, breakdowns are related to electronics. There are times when the tool begins to spark due to overload. Some Bosch PSB models stop functioning due to the brushes grinding down.
Mechanical. Sometimes bearings or gear mechanisms fail. In such situations, only complete replacement of broken parts will help.

Additional Information! The main signs of mechanical malfunctions include humming and a decrease in rotation speed.

Algorithm for finding and eliminating electrical failures

When searching for a breakdown, it is recommended to follow a certain algorithm that will help you quickly find the fault:

If the device does not turn on completely, you need to open the case and check the cable connections. Perhaps one of them has become detached from the electrical circuit and therefore the device does not turn on.
If everything is fine with the wires, you need to check the switch toggle switch. In some devices from Bosch and Makita, traces of oxidation appear over time and the device stops working.
When inspecting the device, special attention should be paid to the brushes. They must press securely against the rotor.

Important! During inspection of the electric drill, do not connect it to the electrical network. Especially if the wire contacts are being checked.

Necessary tool

An ohmmeter is an indispensable tool for determining the causes of malfunctions.

Before you begin repairing an impact drill, you need to familiarize yourself with the list of tools that may be needed:

pliers;
ohmmeter;
grinding sandpaper;
vice;
straight and Phillips screwdriver;
spanners.

A vise may also be useful for securing some parts.

Types of drill button connection diagrams

There are two types of electric drill connection diagram. It is necessary to familiarize yourself with the features of each of them.

Wiring diagram for a shovel drill switch

The switch diagram will help you correctly connect the button to the tool.

As a rule, this scheme is used by craftsmen when repairing a broken tool. With its help, you can check all the functional features of the switch. It also allows you to carry out repairs after determining the cause of the breakdown.

Most manufacturers supply a circuit diagram for connecting the switch along with the instructions for the product. However, there are times when it is not there. In such situations, people have to search on the Internet on their own. To find it, you will have to find out the exact model of the device in advance.

Circuit with reverse and speed controller

The connection diagram for a switch with reverse is used to connect a reverse button

Some models from manufacturers such as Sparky or Interskol are equipped with switches with built-in speed control and reverse. It is quite difficult to understand such structures and therefore it is not always possible to determine the exact cause of their breakdown.

If such a button fails, it is recommended to simply buy a new one and connect it by referring to the diagram.

Let's get to the action - setting up the reverse

The two halves of the field winding of the electric motor are located on the stator. One wire goes from them to the brushes. Let's cut these wires.

It should be noted that the brushes vibrate during operation, so wires with increased flexibility were used to connect them. If you cut the wires close to the brushes, the flexible part will be short, and it may break due to vibration.

To prevent this from happening, we cut the wires closer to the field windings. We solder the wires to them that go to the moving contacts of switch S1.

We connect the terminals of the fixed contacts in accordance with the diagram and solder to them two wires going to the soft wires of the brushes.

Before soldering, the wires going to the toggle switch on one side (of the toggle switch or the electric motor) are inserted into the rubber bushing in advance. The task will be complicated by the fact that the tool’s power cord already passes through it.

Experienced executioners advise using a soap solution in such cases.

Don't have a drill yet? This article will help you choose the best model!

How to connect a button yourself

Many people are interested in how to properly connect the power button, since it is impossible to connect a drill without a button. This is done as follows:

Disconnecting the switch.
Cleaning darkened and rusty terminals from carbon deposits using sandpaper or alcohol.
Replacing the speed controller if it is faulty.
Assembling the button and its connection, according to the diagram of an electric drill with reverse and speed control.

Important! Before removing and connecting the button, you need to make sure that the electric drill is not connected to the outlet.

For example, if the power of your drill is W, then the regulator should easily operate at a current of 3.4 A. Electrical diagram for connecting wires and drill buttons. It is important to remember that the speed controller and the reverse control device are different parts.

Most often they are installed in different housings. As a rule, inexpensive models that are not intended for intensive use are purchased for household purposes.

How to detach the old button?

Unlike professional power tools, they have a short service life and often fail. One of the weakest points of a household drill is the start button. During operation, the contacts of the main control element often oxidize or burn out.

If at one point the drill stops responding to pressing the start button or starts working every once in a while, do not rush to take the tool to a service center. Replacing the button on a drill is a fairly simple procedure that even a novice master can handle.

And so that no questions arise during the repair process, we have prepared simple and understandable instructions for you.

How to replace brushes and cartridge

Let us note in advance that any electric drill, regardless of manufacturer and model, consists of the same elements, so the instructions below are universal. The device of the drill button is very simple: when pressed, the button slides in a special block along the guides and the pusher closes the contacts, starting the electric motor.

During long-term operation under repair conditions, dust, moisture, etc. Therefore, before buying a new button, you should try to clean it. This defect can be eliminated very easily - you just need to open the block and remove dirt from it with a brush.

Checking the electric motor: causes of breakdowns and repairs

Drills, like many rotary hammers, often stop working due to motor failure. There are two reasons why it may fail:

Incorrect use. Some people often overload the devices and therefore the motor stops working. In this case, it is easier to purchase a new drill.
Bad coil wire. Most often, this problem occurs when using budget models. It is better not to replace the wire yourself. This is a job for professionals.

Replacing the Button on a Drill

Connection diagram Drilling buttons - repair the tool without the help of others!

Repairing the drill may not be possible, the main thing is to know the causes of failures and not their methods of “healing”. Now you will learn about the connection diagram of the buttons, we are here, we will not ignore other errors, because of which you will be the happy owner of a working tool.

Possible tool malfunctions - we carry out repairs ourselves

If your tool has become worse, as it is also called, and has completely stopped doing its direct duties, it’s time to diagnose errors and try to cope with it. That's it, we check the wire for any damage or voltage in the socket, for which you can turn on any other device - a TV set, in other words, a kettle.

If you are testing battery-powered devices, they should be inspected using a tester - in such circumstances, the voltage indicated on the case must be the same value as the battery voltage.

If the voltage is less, you will have to replace the batteries with new ones. If the battery is working normally, the power supply is normal, look for problems with the equipment. More common mistakes are:

How to replace brushes: work in a couple of minutes

But the drill may not work due to trivial faults - for example, due to brushes inside the motor. This means that you can’t do without repairing brushes, and this work is quite simple - you don’t even need to have special knowledge and tools. To do this, we disassemble the device, remove the brush holders from it and replace parts that are broken. By the way, there are models whose body does not need to be disassembled - you just need to remove special plugs through the installation window, after which we change the brushes.

You can purchase these parts at any hardware store; there are also some models that are sold along with a set of additional brushes. It is important that you do not wait until the brushes are completely worn out - check them from time to time. And all due to the fact that there is a risk of a gap forming between the bristles and the collector. As a result, this part will begin to overheat and eventually fall off - which means you will have to change the entire anchor, which will be much more expensive and more difficult, and it is not a fact that you will be able to solve this issue yourself.

As you can see, there are a variety of breakdowns, many of which will be within your control, others will only be possible for specialists in service centers. And to reduce the risk of such breakdowns, you need to take care of your tool, clean it after work, check the condition of the parts and brushes in order to replace them with new ones in time. However, if you see that you can’t handle it yourself, take the device to a workshop.

There is a reverse gear: how to make reverse for an electric drill with your own hands

Many electric drills do not have reverse. And often it is needed. It is not difficult to integrate reverse not only into a drill, but also into another tool with a commutator motor. But there is one exception to the rule. In some electric drills, the chuck is not pressed onto the conical end of the shaft, but is screwed onto the thread.

By turning on the reverse, you simply roll the cartridge off the shaft. Sometimes this is necessary - there are all sorts of cases. In addition, there is a well-known principle: “If you can’t, but really want to, then you can.” Provided that by clicking the switch to the “reverse” position, you will not strain the tool with heavy loads. Then the cartridge will remain in place.

Just one detail

To solve the problem you will need a double switch - the so-called toggle switch, and several pieces of wire. The switch body indicates its limiting data: voltage and current. The switch current must be equal to or greater than the current draw of the tool. The current is not always indicated on the tool nameplate. Then we remember our school physics lessons and calculate the current using the formula:

I = P/V

The dimensions of the quantities are as follows:

current I in Amperes;
power P in Watts;
voltage V in Volts.

Don't be tempted by modern miniature toggle switches. Their contacts are often tightly welded the first time they are turned on, despite not exceeding the maximum permissible current value.

For electrical safety and beauty

It is not always possible to find free space inside the instrument body to place a toggle switch. Then we'll have to hang him like Kaltenbrunner. Ernst Gugovich was taken out of the loop after five minutes, that was enough for him.

The toggle switch should hang happily ever after. Therefore, the wires on which the switch hangs must be selected with increased mechanical strength.

I used “field” (often called sapper) - it combines copper conductors with steel.

You will have to make a housing for the toggle switch. It will protect you from touching the switch terminals with your fingers and causing electrical injury.

Another option is to turn the body out of wood on a lathe. Or play around with chisels, creating an egg-shaped box à la Faberge. Artistic wood carving may not be your strengths. Then you'll have to rummage through your wife's cosmetics shelf. There are a lot of plastic jars with erysipelas skin cream. And among them there will surely be a suitable one.

Ioanna Khmelevskaya’s book “How to Survive with a Modern Woman” will help you in resolving the subsequent conflict. Just don’t touch the Chanel lubricants that cost your wife’s monthly salary. Otherwise, Mrs. Joanna’s advice will be in vain.

Key to start: checking reverse

We assemble the electric drill and check it. In case you accidentally reproduced the circuit “in hardware” with errors, it is better to make the first connection through a circuit breaker with a rated current equal to or slightly greater than that consumed by the electric drill.

In the absence of a machine, you can turn on the tool through a fuse for the same current. There may not be a fuse at hand, and your wife, toad or laziness will not let you into the store. Then use a piece of winding copper wire with a diameter of 0.26 mm.

In fuses, this diameter corresponds to a rated current of 10A.

The rated current of overcurrent protection is the current at which the circuit breaker does not yet turn off and the fuse does not blow yet.

You can take a thinner wire. 0.15 mm will withstand a current of 4.5 A.

And another reminder: the circuit breaker or fuse is switched on in series with the load (electric drill), and not in parallel with it! The advice may seem idiotic, but there were precedents.

And switches were turned on in parallel, and ammeters. And then they were surprised: “Why is it knocking out the plugs in the apartment electrical panel?” As mothers tell their children: “Don’t be like that!”

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Sergey Baranov

I worked at the station for young technicians and as the head of the student design bureau at the university - I would like to share my accumulated knowledge. If they are useful for the homemade brothers, then it’s not in vain that they stomped on the keyboard. I hope to learn from my opponents myself, because truth is born in a dispute.

What is the connection diagram for the drill button?

Of course, it is impossible to state so unequivocally that the buttons on all drills are connected the same way, there are drills with reverse, there are direct connections, so this answer will be more introductory than carrying specific information.
Even on drills of the same type, there is a difference in connecting the button depending on the functionality of the drills; here is an example of connecting an old Soviet drill:

Another connection diagram for a drill with reverse, more or less generally accepted:

On some reverse drills, the following contacts are used on the button:

The top of the button interrupts the pole on the electric motor.

There can be a different number of sockets (wires) for switching the drill button, depending on the functionality of the tool, but at least six - two - network input 220 (phase + zero) - two going to the capacitor and two going to the winding and stator brushes of the electric motor.

If you look closely, you can see short diagrams right on the bodies of some buttons. More precisely and more specifically, you can see the button connection diagram in the manual for the instrument (operation manual)

For example, in many Interskol tool buttons, the power wire sockets are made round, this already excludes the remaining four, two of which go to the stator and two to the capacitor.

The electric drill button is connected according to the following diagram:

There are a total of six contacts on the button into which the wires going to the electric motor winding are secured, the terminal blocks or leads of the start capacitor and the supply of the 220V power wire are clamped.

Here is a visual picture with signed contacts, what to connect where.

The button on the drill is the most painful spare part for those who use the drill in dirty conditions, and especially with dirty hands. No matter how sealed it is, dirt and moisture still get in there, which is why it starts to jam or the contacts burn out altogether. So I had a broken button, after disassembling it, it was decided not to repair it but to replace it. I encountered difficulty finding the original button, so I had to select a similar one and then connect it according to a new circuit. I hope someone will find my knowledge and experience useful.

It should be noted right away that the buttons can be without reverse, with built-in reverse, or with external reverse.

1) A button without reverse, but with a speed controller.

The connection is quite simple, there will be an input and an output, they should be indicated by an arrow, only two wires, one of which is “+” from the network, and the other is output to the winding.

2) Button with built-in reverse.

A characteristic feature of such a button is that all the wiring is located on the body. There will always be two mains inputs, indicated by arrows, but they can be located either close to each other or at a distance.

There should be two more holes for connection along the bottom; they should be connected by a wire passing through the capacitor. It is difficult to mix up the wires to the capacitor, since on the button diagram they should be schematically shown as a break with two vertical segments. from the return of the capacitor the wire will go to the stator winding.

On the top part there is a reverse, namely, three wires will come from it, it is difficult to confuse them, you just need to know the rule - they are connected diagonally between the brush and the stator. Those. two diagonally will go to the stator and brush, and one to the side will only go to the brush, since it goes to the stator from the bottom.

3) Button with remote reverse.

The connection diagram for the reverse button is the same as with a built-in button, but there is one difference: a wire will come from the reverse button itself (in a built-in reverse it goes inside the case).

But in the end, I wanted to warn you that there are many types of buttons and the connection diagrams may be different.

How to make reverse on a drill with your own hands

I = P/V

The dimensions of the quantities are as follows:

Don't be tempted by modern miniature toggle switches. Their contacts are often tightly welded the first time they are turned on, despite not exceeding the maximum permissible current value.

How to connect a drill directly without a video button

When an electrified tool fails, do not rush to throw it away. After familiarizing yourself with the device and understanding the key mechanisms, you can personally replace the damaged unit or part.

Disassembly and assembly requires attention and accuracy. However, if this simple condition is met, there is no need to purchase a new, very expensive tool. Knowledge is power.

Extending the life of your au pair is very simple, as it may seem at first glance.

Interskol punch button connection diagram

Many users of electric drills may sooner or later begin to wonder how the drill button is connected to the tool wiring. This question usually appears when a malfunction occurs in the old button, which requires connecting a new one. In this article I will tell you how it should be connected - what goes where.

I will not describe here how to disassemble the body of an electric drill to get to the insides, since I assume that since you are already asking the question of replacement, disassembling the body will not be difficult for you. I think that anyone who does not know how to disassemble the case will not even think about replacing anything in the instrument themselves.

So, first you need to purchase a new button. It should match the old one in size and power characteristics, so when you go shopping, take it with you as a sample and write down the exact model of your instrument.

How to make reverse on a drill with your own hands?

How to make reverse on a drill with your own hands

You can repair a drill yourself, the main thing is to know the causes of breakdowns and methods of “treating” them. Today we will talk about what the drill button connection diagram looks like, and we will not ignore other faults, thanks to which you will be the proud owner of a working tool.

Possible tool malfunctions - we carry out repairs ourselves

If your tool begins to work worse, or even stops performing its direct duties, it’s time to diagnose the problems and try to deal with them. First, we check the wire for damage and the voltage in the outlet, for which you can plug in any other device - a TV or a kettle.

If you are inspecting battery-powered devices, they should be checked using a tester - in this case, the voltage indicated on the case should have a similar value to the battery voltage.

If the voltage is less, you will have to replace the batteries with new ones. If the battery is working normally, the power supply is normal, look for hardware problems. The most common breakdowns are:

Problems with engine operation;
Brush wear;
Problems with the button operation.

Knowing how the electric drill button is connected, you can quickly solve the problem. In addition, a problem with the operation of the drill can also arise due to the dustiness of the tool, because the drill “takes” wood, brick, and other materials.

This means that you should take care to clean the device after each use - this is the only way to reduce the risk of malfunctions due to contamination of the tool.

That is why, after you have carried out renovations in your apartment, immediately clean the drill.

Drill button connection diagram - how to fix the problem?

Unfortunately, to check the functionality of the tool, a tester will not be enough for you, which is due to the fact that most of the device’s buttons are equipped with smooth speed control, and therefore a regular tester may give you incorrect data.

In this case, you will need a special connection diagram for the drill button. Often in instruments one wire is connected to a terminal, and therefore pressing the button simultaneously leads to ringing of the terminals.

If the light comes on, everything is fine with the button, but if you notice a malfunction, it’s time to replace the button.

When making a replacement, keep in mind that the circuit can be either simple or with reverse. Due to this, all work on replacing the button must be carried out exclusively according to the diagram, without adding anything “on your own”.

So, the part must be suitable in size and match the power of the tool. At the same time, calculating power is a fairly simple task. We use the formula P=U*I (taking into account that the drill power is 650 W), I = 2.

94 A (650/220), which means the button should be rated at 2.95 A.

Drill button diagram

Picture 1. Reverse button connection diagram

Drill button connection diagram

The drill button shown in photo -1 is equipped with a built-in electric motor speed controller as well as a built-in rotor rotation direction controller - reverse.

The button is a very complex structure and therefore it should be disassembled very carefully, since usually after disassembly all its parts scatter in all directions and its further use becomes impossible.

After disassembly, they usually clean the terminals of carbon deposits and put it back together, but if this does not help, then buy a new one. Photo-2. Regular drill button without reverse

Drill button without reverse

It should be said that the buttons are different, just like electric drills, so you need to know that not all buttons are equipped with reverse and engine speed control.

However, such buttons are also complex structures and, as a rule, if they fail for some reason, they are no longer restored to working condition. When purchasing a new button, you should take the old one with you so as not to confuse it with another model.

There are many cases when the parameters of the buttons match, but when installed in the drill case they simply do not fit. Figure -2. Ordinary connection

Drawing diagram for connecting a drill button without reverse

Connecting a drill button does not require special knowledge or skills. To do this, you just need to remember that the new button must match the power of the drill and its size. If you are going to buy a new drill button, pay attention to the size and power of your drill.

The button must match not only the power of the electric motor of your drill, but also its size. For example, if a drill has a power P = 650 W, then from physics we know that P = U· I , from where I = P/U = 650/220 and 2.95 A.

This means we need to buy a BUE-3 ~220V 3.0A button.

Drill button device

Well, at the end of this article, I would like to address the issue that many of you will encounter in the process of dismantling the old drill button. In order to perform high-quality dismantling of the button, you will need minimal knowledge of the design of modern drill start buttons.

The video above shows how the button works when you press it. If the reverse lever is set to tighten bolts, nuts, and so on, then both lower terminals are closed.

If you turn the reverse on in the opposite direction, then only one lower terminal is connected to the network, while the second one does not work.

As a rule, in all modern drill buttons, the wire clamping devices are designed from durable steel and are not very convenient for dismantling.

The fact is that button manufacturers are concerned about increasing productivity when assembling their products. They design buttons in such a way that it is as convenient, easy and quick as possible to install electrical equipment, but at the same time the convenience of replacing and repairing buttons suffers.

Photo-3. The design of electrical wiring clamp terminals in modern drill buttons

In other words, the prepared wire of a winding or other drill part for installation can easily be inserted into the hole provided for it in the button body, but pulling it back out is problematic - this requires skill and ingenuity. The clamp terminals in the button body itself are installed at an angle of 45 degrees, and made of hardened steel.

If you look carefully at photo 3 presented in this article, you will agree with me that in order to pull out the wire you just need to push out the clip inside the button body and release the mounting cable.

To do this, you will need a thin large needle or a thin strong awl, which you need to insert into the hole reserved for mounting the wire and push the clamp inside, thereby freeing the wire from the grip. That’s all, in conclusion I can say that the method I told you works very well (I checked it myself more than once).

You can safely get to work and replace the drill button yourself with your own hands. That’s all for today, I’m waiting for your comments below, bye, see you next time!

What you need to know about electric drill repair: drill design

Before you start repairing an electric drill with your own hands, you must determine the cause of its breakdown. There may be several of them:

An electric drill is a necessary tool in everyday life.

Brush wear.
Damage to electric motor elements.
Insufficient clamping in the drill chuck.
Failure of the regulator or switch.
Bearing failure.

Repairing a drill should start with diagnosing the brushes and chucks.

Electric drill brushes can be carbon or graphite. They are part of the circuit through which current flows to the tool's motor. As a rule, the lifespan of brushes ranges from 70 to 120 hours. To determine the wear of a part, you can use special indicators. Brush wear is perhaps the most common problem with electric drills.

It is easy to replace this part with your own hands. This can be done even without dismantling the tool body. In some models, to remove worn parts, it is enough to unscrew the plugs.

The first sign of brush wear is increased spark production, which can be seen in the ventilation slots. It is worth noting that it is better to replace 2 brushes at once, even if one is worn out.

Replacing these parts must be accompanied by cleaning the collector from carbon deposits. This is best done with ethyl alcohol.

Diagram of the external device of the drill.

In order to reduce sparking when working with a drill, you should carefully apply the brush to the commutator and secure it with sandpaper. In addition, it is worth paying attention to the condition of the spring of the brush holder assembly. If it does not fit well, then it is better to replace it. The cartridge most often fails due to abrasive wear.

Clamp the inner race and rotate the outer one. If you hear a characteristic “rustle” or notice that the cage is “slipping”, it is better to replace the bearings, otherwise they may lead to jamming of the armature.

How to determine breakdowns in an electric motor

The second common cause of drill failure is a malfunction of the electric motor elements. Most often the armature and stator break. This happens for two reasons:

Incorrect use of the tool.
Poor drive quality.

Connection diagram for a button in an electric drill.

Before replacing the rotor or stator, disassemble the housing and carefully remove the wires. It wouldn't hurt to remove the brushes and remove the drive gear. Then remove the motor and support bearings.

After this, proceed to replacing the faulty parts. A broken anchor is easy to determine. Most often, a malfunction of this element is accompanied by a characteristic burning smell and increased sparking. In addition, upon careful inspection, you can easily detect burnt parts of the winding. However, if you notice that the power of the drill motor has dropped, use an ohmmeter and megger.

Windings, both stator and armature, are susceptible to interturn breakdown and winding breakage. Sometimes a breakdown occurs on the magnetic circuit. The latter is easy to determine if you use a megger.

When the megger probes come into contact with the winding output, you need to measure the resistance. If it is more than 500 mOhm, most likely there is no breakdown. For accurate measurements, take a megger with a measuring voltage of at least 100 V.

Interturn breakdown of the armature is more difficult to detect.

To determine the breakdown, use a transformer that has only a primary winding, and its break is made in the form of a trench. When measuring, the armature core should become the secondary winding of the transformer.

When turning the armature, attach a thin plate to its core. If it starts to vibrate, the winding is short-circuited. A winding break can be determined by connecting a milliammeter to the adjacent armature plate.

If the winding is intact, the current will be the same. A break in the stator windings can be determined by connecting an ohmmeter to the broken ends of the winding. If there is no resistance, the probability of a break is 100%.

Checking the electric motor: causes of breakdowns and repairs

There are several reasons for damage to the armature or stator of a drill. First of all, this is illiterate operation of the device. For example, many users simply overload the tool, working without interruption. This leads to the fact that the drill motor does not have time to “rest”. The second reason lies in poor coil wire, which is often found in cheap models. That is why breakdowns of cheap tools are much more common. In this case, repairs must be carried out using specialized tools. And it will be better if you entrust this work to professional specialists.

However, if you decided to carry out the repairs on your own, you will definitely have a question - how to do everything right? As you already understand, an electric drill “suffers” from damage to the armature and stator, and this can be checked with several signs, for example, when the tool suddenly sparks during operation. If there are no “bright” signs, you can use an ohmmeter.

The stator is changed like this:

First, carefully disassemble the device body;
Remove the wires and all internal parts;
After finding out the causes of the breakdown, we replace the spare part with a new one and close the housing again.

Disassembling an electric drill

In order to find a malfunction and repair the device, you often have to disassemble the tool. Since all devices are similar in appearance, their disassembly can be represented as follows:

The screws around the perimeter of the device are unscrewed; to do this you will need to use a Phillips screwdriver.
After unscrewing the screws, the halves of the housing are separated.
The power and reverse buttons are carefully removed from the grooves.
The gearbox is removed from one half. In order to remove it, you will need to turn it in the seat.
Assembly occurs in reverse order. When doing this, it is necessary to ensure that all removed elements and wires are located in specially made recesses for them.

Rotary hammer Bosch GBH 2-23 REA Professional – professional

Professional grade hand tools. There are two modes of operation, as a hammer drill or drill.

A reliable high-speed motor and design solutions allow the tool to be used for solving everyday problems and industrial purposes. Equipped with a removable suction device. The case is made in an ergonomic design.

Excellent balancing, good fit of components.
Dust collector, ergonomics.
Reverse by turning the brushes.

Source: instrumentiks.ru

Exhausted current collector brushes

Many rotary hammers are driven by commutator electric motors, which means that graphite current-collecting brushes are used to transmit power.

Problem. During use of the tool, the brushes gradually wear out. This causes coal dust to accumulate on the collector, which interferes with the operation of the engine. In particularly advanced cases, the brushes completely lose the graphite element, as a result of which the contact is broken, sparking appears, and in the end the commutator plates of the electric motor are severely damaged.

Solution. Sometimes a rotary hammer has a brush status indicator or a safety shutdown system. But such a feature is not always available.

Rotary hammer HAMMER PRT620C PREMIUM – home renovation

Optimal power tool. Combines the classic functions of a rotary hammer - drilling and drilling, - drilling through and blind holes. The design is made in modern technical design.

The safety clutch protects the operator from possible injury and the tool from damage. Features a high impact frequency. Built-in reverse function.

The optimal tool for home repairs, fully meets your needs.
Durable and spacious case.
Lightweight, convenient to work under the ceiling.

Sometimes you need a chiselling mode, more power.

Rotary hammer Makita HR 1830 – professional for home

A small compact tool with hammer and drill functions. Made according to the classic axial (horizontal) scheme. A safety clutch prevents the tool from turning in the operator's hands.

Reversing is carried out by turning the brush holder - this prolongs the service life. The tool is optimal for doing work at home.

Lightweight, compact, moderately powerful.
Safety coupling, high-quality assembly.
Ideal for home work.

High price for a household tool.

Damaged boot

Problem. In order for this important keyless unit to work flawlessly, you need to prevent it from getting dirty. Mineral dust, sawdust and metal scale may get inside the cartridge. Moreover, the tool is most vulnerable when you drill into the ceiling. As a result, the drill may jam in the chuck, it becomes difficult to replace the equipment, due to the abrasive effect, the shank is poorly fixed, and unnecessary play appears.

Solution. If the slightest damage occurs, the barrel boot must be replaced. It is also recommended to use drilling depth limiters, as well as vacuum cleaners and dust collectors (including dust caps or cuffs) for working on ceilings.

Chuck types

In practice, you can find only two main types of this simple mechanism for fixing a cutting tool.

Drills are fixed manually - there are single-sleeve chucks, where the drill is clamped with one hand, and there are double-sleeve chucks, where both hands are already involved.
The cartridge is tightened using a special key of complex design. This is considered the most common type of chuck - used on all models of modern drills, especially on powerful versions.

The Enkor PE-420/12ER rotary hammer is one of the inexpensive ones

The lightweight tool combines the impact of a rotary hammer with the classic capabilities of a drill. For fastening cylindrical, hexagonal and similar shanks, it is equipped with a key chuck.

Replacement of equipment occurs without the use of additional devices - fixation is based on the SDS+ system. A safety clutch is built in and electronic reverse is used. It is possible to adjust the speed.

Inexpensive, advanced functionality.
Speed adjustment, reverse.
Light weight, case, cartridge included.

The new product has a disgusting plastic smell for several days.

Types of drill button connection diagrams

An electric drill is an indispensable assistant in all types of home repairs: it can be used to perform a number of tasks from mixing paints, wallpaper glue to its main purpose - drilling various holes. The product's power button wears out quickly and has to be repaired or replaced with a new one quite often. To carry out this rather simple operation, the user needs a drill button connection diagram and knowledge of the most common malfunctions of this important part.

Too much pressure on the tool

You always want to somehow increase work productivity, so inexperienced craftsmen try to help the hammer drill by literally leaning their entire weight on the tool.

Problem. As a result of excessive pressure, the speed of work not only does not increase, but, on the contrary, noticeably drops. This happens because we personally shorten the stroke of the striker. There are other unpleasant consequences: the wear of the hammer drill’s impact group accelerates, the equipment is damaged and jammed.

Solution. Learn to feel your instrument, observe current performance. Select the appropriate feed force depending on the characteristics of the material being processed. Work more actively with the start button, as many of them have a trigger function - with different pressing intensity, the speed of rotation of the equipment changes.

Important: if the drill “does not go” when drilling concrete, then it may have hit a reinforcement bar. To avoid loss of carbide tipping and jamming of the equipment, start drilling with a slight indentation from the problem area.

Replacing a button

For the procedure you will need a flat and Phillips screwdriver, as well as an awl. In the absence of the latter, a bag needle or any other thick needle will do. If the model is small in size, then for greater convenience you can also take tweezers.

Loosen a couple of screws holding the network cable.
We insert the awl into the stator next to the wire and carefully remove the core.
We pull out the second cable in the same way.
If the button is not on the clips, then unscrew the screws and take it out.
We put the new key in place and connect the wires using an awl.
We install the block on the drill, not forgetting about reverse.
Carefully lay the wires and press them with screws.
Close the casing.

Interskol drill power button

In a good half of cases, the wires coming from the stator differ in color. If they are the same, then they will need to be marked so as not to be confused when connecting.

Selecting modes and switching them correctly

A hammer drill can drill like a regular drill or with a hammer. It can work like a jackhammer and rotate drills in the opposite direction (reverse function). For this purpose, there are special switches on the case.

Problem. There are two common mistakes. Sometimes users simply do not move the switch to the specified position to activate a particular mode. And sometimes craftsmen do this while the tool spindle is still in motion. In both cases, the mode switching mechanism is subject to increased wear.

Solution. The presence of a locking button on the switch significantly simplifies control of switching. But if this is not provided, then you will have to pay special attention to this process.

Important: in some models there is one intermediate position between the impact and impact with drilling modes. It makes it possible to change the position of the chisel to a more comfortable one before starting work.

Drill types

Today, the industry produces universal drills that can be used for drilling wood, metal and hard plastic. But sometimes you need to have special drill bits for a drill to quickly drill holes in concrete, ceramic tiles, metal, to make large holes in wood, for example, to carefully insert a new lock into a door.

There are twist and flat drills for this. Impact drills for brick and concrete, diamond drills for drilling in ceramics, and a large-diameter circular drill for making holes in tiles to install water pipes have proven to work well.

Rotary hammer Caliber Master EP-1300/30M – vertical layout

A rotary hammer with the function of a classic vertical drill of a professional class. Equipped with a powerful motor that provides effective impact force.

A built-in safety clutch prevents the tool from turning. Electronic reverse is provided. The vibration-damping handle ensures operator comfort.

Power, vibration damping, “two in one”.
Rich equipment, ergonomics.
Case, drill chuck included.

Heavy, gets hot, lacks power.

Long-term operation in chiselling mode

Problem. It is necessary to take into account that the pure impact mode is not a “native” for a hammer drill, but rather an auxiliary option. If you work for a long time with the rotation blocked, the tool cools worse (an important role here is played by the cooling impeller, which rotates more slowly during chiselling). In addition, in certain positions of the hammer drill, problems with lubricant distribution may occur.

Solution. To avoid these problems, it is recommended that every 10-15 minutes of work switch the tool to drilling mode and run it at idle speed for half a minute.

Important: there are ventilation holes on the tool body in the area of the impeller; they should not be dirty or blocked.

Pros and cons of direct connection

The only serious advantage of this connection format is that there is no need to hold down the button. That is, during long-term work the operator is focused only on drilling, without being distracted by control. For long-term processing of hard surfaces, such as concrete or wood, this approach is quite justified.

In all other respects there are complete disadvantages. In many models, the button is responsible for adjusting the rotation speed of the cartridge. You can also forget about soft start, which makes it difficult to work with finicky materials like plastic or drywall. There can be no talk of any kind of jewelry drilling here.

Before each start and shutdown of the tool, you will have to reach for the outlet. This format grossly violates safety regulations. In the event of an emergency, the drill will turn off only after a few seconds, and not moments, as if the button had been pressed.

When power is applied, the contact group of the switch takes on part of the load. Now the winding with brushes will take over 100%. Moreover, after switching on, the engine immediately begins to work at full power, which will affect the performance of the drill in the first hours.

Important! Experts strongly do not recommend removing the button from the circuit unless absolutely necessary.

Our assistant can drill different materials, so there is often a lot of dust and waste. After each use, you should clean the drill, then the next time you use the device, it will work like a Swiss watch: without failures or annoying stops.